Chromosome higher order structure has been an enigma for over a century. The most important structural finding has been the presence of a chromosome scaffold composed of non-histone proteins; so-called scaffold proteins. However, the organization and function of the scaffold are still controversial. Here, we use three dimensional-structured illumination microscopy (3D-SIM) and focused ion beam/scanning electron microscopy (FIB/SEM) to reveal the axial distributions of scaffold proteins in metaphase chromosomes comprising two strands. We also find that scaffold protein can adaptably recover its original localization after chromosome reversion in the presence of cations. This reversion to the original morphology underscores the role of the scaffold for intrinsic structural integrity of chromosomes. We therefore propose a new structural model of the chromosome scaffold that includes twisted double strands, consistent with the physical properties of chromosomal bending flexibility and rigidity. Our model provides new insights into chromosome higher order structure.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep11916 | DOI Listing |
Wellcome Open Res
November 2024
Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, England, UK.
We present a genome assembly from a juvenile male (the white-throated dipper; Chordata; Aves; Passeriformes; Cinclidae). The genome sequence has a total length of 1,170.80 megabases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Plant Biol
January 2025
Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
Background: The C-repeat binding factor (CBF)/dehydration-responsive element binding (DREB1) belongs to a subfamily of the AP2/ERF (APETALA2/ethylene-responsive factor) superfamily, which can regulate many physiological and biochemical processes in plants, such as plant growth and development, hormone signal transduction and response to abiotic stress. Although the CBF/DREB1 family has been identified in many plants, studies of the CBF/DREB1 family in alfalfa are insufficient.
Results: In this study, 25 MsCBF genes were identified in the genome of alfalfa ("Zhongmu No.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Department of Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Tylosema esculentum (marama bean), an underutilized orphan legume native to southern Africa, holds significant potential for domestication as a rescue crop to enhance local food security. Well-adapted to harsh desert environments, it offers valuable insights into plant resilience to extreme drought and high temperatures. In this study, k-mer analysis indicated marama as an ancient allotetraploid legume.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Data
January 2025
School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
Mountain ecosystems harbor high levels of biodiversity, but the genetic mechanisms underlying adaptation to harsh alpine conditions remain largely unknown. Bergenia purpurascens (Saxifragaceae) is an important alpine endemic species of the Himalaya-Hengduan Mountains (HHM), with this species being used as a source of medicine and as an ornamental plant. In this study, we generated a high-quality genome assembly comprising scaffolds representing the 17 chromosomes, with a total length of 650.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Data
January 2025
State Key Lab of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
Meteorus pulchricornis Wesmael (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) is an important parasitoid of lepidopteran insects. So far, only three scaffold-level genomes have been published for the genus Meteorus. In this study, we present a high-quality, chromosome-level genome assembly of M.
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