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Aims/hypothesis: Dysregulated expression of metabolic and inflammatory genes is a prominent consequence of obesity causing insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Finding causative factors is essential to understanding progression of these pathologies and discovering new therapeutic targets. The transcription factor V-maf musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene homologue B (MAFB) is highly expressed in human white adipose tissue (WAT). However, its role in the regulation of WAT function is elusive. We aimed to characterise MAFB expression and function in human WAT in the context of obesity and insulin resistance.
Methods: MAFB mRNA expression was evaluated in human WAT from seven cohorts with large inter-individual variation in BMI and metabolic features. Insulin-induced adipocyte lipogenesis and lipolysis were measured and correlated with MAFB expression. MAFB regulation during adipogenesis and the effects of MAFB suppression in human adipocytes was investigated. MAFB regulation by TNF-α was examined in human primary adipocytes and THP-1 monocytes/macrophages.
Results: MAFB expression in human adipocytes is upregulated during adipogenesis, increases with BMI in WAT, correlates with adverse metabolic features and is decreased after weight loss. MAFB downregulation decreases proinflammatory gene expression in adipocytes and interferes with TNF-α effects. Interestingly, MAFB is differentially regulated by TNF-α in adipocytes (suppressed) and THP-1 cells (upregulated). Further, MAFB is primarily expressed in WAT macrophages/monocytes and its expression correlates with macrophage and inflammatory markers.
Conclusions/interpretation: Our findings indicate that MAFB is a regulator and a marker of adipose tissue inflammation, a process that subsequently causes insulin resistance.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00125-015-3673-x | DOI Listing |
Bio Protoc
November 2024
Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
Targeted genome editing of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) is critical for basic and translational research and can be achieved with site-specific endonucleases. Cpf1 (CRISPR from ) is a programmable DNA endonuclease with AT-rich PAM sequences. In this protocol, we describe procedures for using a single vector system to deliver Cpf1 and CRISPR RNA (crRNA) for genome editing in hPSCs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenes Dis
January 2025
Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing 400014, China.
MAFB is essential for regulating male-type urethral differentiation, and especially, its variation can contribute to hypospadias in mice. However, the potential mechanism is still unclear. Here we observed that the basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factor MAFB and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (CEBPA) could promote human urothelium SV-HUC-1 growth.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Clin Invest
November 2024
Department of Digestive Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Liposomal drug delivery systems have revolutionized traditional cytotoxic drugs. However, the relative instability and toxicity of the existing liposomal drug delivery systems compromised their efficacy. Herein, we present Rg3-lipo, an innovative drug delivery system using a glycosyl moiety-enriched ginsenoside (Rg3).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Prolif
November 2024
State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China.
As crucial phagocytes of the innate immune system, macrophages (Mϕs) protect mammalian hosts, maintain tissue homeostasis and influence disease pathogenesis. Nonetheless, Mϕs are susceptible to various pathogens, including bacteria, viruses and parasites, which cause various infectious diseases, necessitating a deeper understanding of pathogen-Mϕ interactions and therapeutic insights. Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) have been efficiently differentiated into PSC-derived Mϕs (PSCdMϕs) resembling primary Mϕs, advancing the modelling and cell therapy of infectious diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlast Reconstr Surg Glob Open
November 2024
From the University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany.
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