Pars Plana Vitrectomy With or Without Silicone Oil Endotamponade in Surgical Management of Endophthalmitis.

Purpose: To compare outcomes of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with and without silicone oil injection (SOI) in surgical management of endophthalmitis.

Design: This was a prospective, randomized, interventional, comparative study.

Methods: This is a prospective, randomized, interventional, comparative study comprising 129 eyes with endophthalmitis (postsurgical and traumatic) that underwent PPV. Group 1 (n = 65) eyes, which underwent vitrectomy alone, were compared with group 2 (n = 64) eyes, in whom complete PPV with SOI was done for visual and anatomical outcomes and additional subsequent interventions.

Results: Mean best corrected visual acuity improvement was 0.867 ± 1.13 and 1.140 ± 0.88 in groups 1 and 2, respectively (P < 0.005). In the posttraumatic subgroup, difference between groups 1 and 2 in mean change in best corrected visual acuity was statistically significant (0.580 ± 1.10 and 1.132 ± 0.8 respectively, P < 0.05). Rate of retinal detachment was 6.2% in group 2 as compared with 25.5% in group 1. Groups 1 and 2 required additional subsequent procedures in 27 eyes (41.54%) and 5 eyes (7.8%), respectively (P < 0.0001).

Conclusions: Overall, complete vitrectomy with SOI resulted in significantly better anatomical outcomes and significantly less need for additional surgery as compared with PPV. In addition, in the posttraumatic subgroup, statistically better visual outcomes were noted in group 2 than in group 1.