AI Article Synopsis
- OK-432 is a Streptococcus-based immunotherapy that has shown effectiveness against various cancers, including bladder cancer.
- In lab tests, OK-432 was found to inhibit the growth and promote the death of bladder cancer cells while also reducing their ability to spread.
- In animal studies, it further demonstrated tumor growth suppression and reduced metastasis, suggesting its mechanism involves stimulating macrophages to release cytokines that fight cancer.
Article Abstract
OK-432, a Streptococcus-derived anticancer immunotherapeutic agent, has been applied in clinic for many years and achieved great progress in various cancers. In the present study, we investigated its anticancer effect on bladder cancer through tumor associated macrophages (TAMs). MTS assay validated OK-432 could inhibit proliferation in both T24 and EJ bladder cell lines. OK-432 also induced apoptosis of bladder cancer cells in vitro. Consequently, we demonstrated that OK-432 could suppress the bladder cancer cells migration and invasion by altering the EMT-related factors. Furthermore, using SD rat model, we revealed that OK-432 inhibited tumor growth, suppressed PCNA expression and inhibited metastasis in vivo. Taken together, these findings strongly suggest that OK-432 inhibits cell proliferation and metastasis through inducing macrophages to secret cytokines in bladder cancer.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.11.4537 | DOI Listing |
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