In dogs, the retina develops during the postnatal period in a manner similar to that in other animals born with closed eyelids. Photoreceptor inner segments are initially observed as a cytoplasmic bulge protruding sclerad through the external limiting membrane. Outer segment formation begins when a centriole within the inner segment attaches to the distal inner segment cell membrane. A few round mitochondria are observed within the early inner segments. As maturation proceeds, the number of mitochondria within the inner segments increases and the mitochondria elongate, orienting parallel to the long axis of the inner segment.
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