We propose an original method for the determination of the physical properties of nanometer sized helium bubbles using spectrum imaging in an energy-filtered transmission electron microscope. Helium bubbles synthesized by high fluence implantation and thermal annealing in silicon are investigated. The acquisition parameters are determined to optimize both signal/noise ratio and time. The limitations to the extent of observable areas on a typical sample are explained. The necessary data correction and helium K-edge position measurement procedures are detailed and the accuracy of the method is discussed. Finally helium density maps are obtained and discussed.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.micron.2015.05.011 | DOI Listing |
J Chem Phys
January 2025
Institute of Thermodynamics and Thermal Process Engineering, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 9, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
Effective potential methods, obtained by applying a quantum correction to a classical pair potential, are widely used for describing the thermophysical properties of fluids with mild nuclear quantum effects. In case of strong nuclear quantum effects, such as for liquid hydrogen and helium, the accuracy of these quantum corrections deteriorates significantly, but at present no simple alternatives are available. In this work, we solve this issue by developing a new, three-parameter corresponding-states principle that remains applicable in the regions of the phase diagram where quantum effects become significant.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Chem Phys
January 2025
Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.
Typical path integral Monte Carlo approaches use the primitive approximation to compute the probability density for a given path. In this work, we develop the pair discrete variable representation (pair-DVR) approach to study molecular rotations. The pair propagator, which was initially introduced to study superfluidity in condensed helium, is naturally well-suited for systems interacting with a pairwise potential.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMaterials (Basel)
December 2024
Faculty of Energy and Fuels, AGH University, al. Mickiewicza 30, 30 059 Kraków, Poland.
A multipronged approach to the refined mechanochemical synthesis of the semiconductor kesterite CuZnSnS with minimal quantities of adventitious oxygen as well as to optimizing handling procedures from that angle is described. Three precursor systems are used to provide a pool of freshly made cubic prekesterite nanopowders with no semiconductor properties and the thermally annealed at 500 °C tetragonal kesterite nanopowders of the semiconductor. Based on the previously reported high propensity of such nanopowders to long-term deteriorating oxidation in ambient air, suitable modifications of all crucial synthesis steps are implemented, which are directed toward excluding or limiting the materials' exposure to air.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAppl Spectrosc
January 2025
Department of Physics & Applied Physics, Kennedy College of Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts, USA.
Under various atmospheric conditions, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a powerful technique for elemental analysis, including in Earth- and Mars-like environments. However, understanding the plasma behavior and its dependence on ambient pressure and laser parameters remains a challenge. In this study, a numerical model based on a three-temperature Eulerian radiation framework under non-local thermodynamic equilibrium conditions is employed to investigate the interaction of a nanosecond laser pulse with a graphite target under helium (He) and carbon dioxide (CO atmospheres.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Cancer Ther
December 2024
National Center for Tumor Diseases, Heidelberg, Germany.
Ultra-high dose rate radiotherapy with electrons and protons has shown potential for cancer treatment by effectively targeting tumors while sparing healthy tissues (FLASH effect). This study aimed to investigate the potential FLASH sparing effect of ultra-high-dose rate helium ion irradiation, focusing on acute brain injury and subcutaneous tumor response in a preclinical in vivo setting. Raster-scanned helium ion beams were used to compare the effects of standard dose rate (SDR at 0.
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