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Temporal Encephalocele: A Treatable Etiology of Drug-Resistant Pediatric Temporal Lobe Epilepsy.
Pediatr Neurol
May 2023
Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota. Electronic address:
Background: Temporal lobe encephaloceles (TEs) are a rare cause of drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy (DR-TLE), with head trauma and obesity identified as risk factors in adults. This study evaluated the clinical characteristics of childhood-onset DR-TLE due to TE.
Methods: This is a single-institution retrospective review of childhood-onset DR-TLE with radiographic TE identified between 2008 and 2020.
Purpose Of Review: This article provides an overview of imaging modalities, important imaging pathologies, and the role each imaging modality can play in the diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of epilepsy, including epilepsy surgery.
Recent Findings: The Harmonized Neuroimaging of Epilepsy Structural Sequences (HARNESS-MRI) protocol was proposed to standardize MRI imaging for all patients with seizures. The role of 7-Tesla MRI in finding previously occult epileptogenic lesions is under investigation, and the technique is increasingly used.
Case Report: An Intracranial Complication of COVID-19 Nasopharyngeal Swab.
Clin Pract Cases Emerg Med
August 2021
Carolinas Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Charlotte, North Carolina.
Introduction: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks are often the result of trauma or recent surgical procedures; however, a subset can develop from non-traumatic etiologies. Cerebrospinal fluid leaks from congenital and spontaneous encephaloceles can be clinically occult and have devastating consequences if undetected for prolonged periods of time. This report highlights a unique case of meningitis after CSF leak caused by ruptured congenital meningocele during a routine nasopharyngeal swab.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFKnobloch Syndrome, a Rare Cause of Occipital Encephalocele and Seizures: A Case Report.
Pediatr Neurosurg
October 2021
Department of Neurosurgery, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School & University Hospital, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA.
Background: Knobloch syndrome (KS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder associated with multiple ocular and cranial abnormalities. Occult occipital skull defect or encephalocele should raise suspicion of this disease. It is never reported in neurosurgical literature, possibly due to a lack of clinician familiarity, leading to underdiagnosis and inadequate management.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTemporal encephalocele into transverse sinus in an adult with partial seizures: MRI evaluation of a rare site of brain herniation.
Indian J Radiol Imaging
January 2021
Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.
Herniation of brain parenchyma outside its normal enclosure (also known as encephalocele) has long been known to occur at certain classic sites and is classified accordingly. With widespread use of modern neuroimaging, the previously unknown atypical and rare sites of encephalocele have now been identified. Brain herniation into a dural venous sinus is one such recently described entity with case reports extending only upto the earlier part of this decade.
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