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Evaluating the Efficacy of Levetiracetam on Non-Cognitive Symptoms and Pathology in a Tau Mouse Model.
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Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B Downs Blvd, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is marked by amyloid-β plaques and hyperphosphorylated tau neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), leading to cognitive decline and debilitating non-cognitive symptoms. This study aimed to evaluate compounds from four different classes in a short-term (7-day) study using transgenic tau mice to assess their ability to reduce non-cognitive symptoms. The best candidate was then evaluated for longer exposure to assess non-cognitive symptoms, cognition, and pathology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNon-right-handedness, male sex, and regional, network-specific, ventral occipito-temporal anomalous lateralization in adults with a history of reading disability.
Cortex
November 2024
Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Dyslexia Center, Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA. Electronic address:
Based on historic observations that children with reading disabilities were disproportionately both male and non-right-handed, and that early life insults of the left hemisphere were more frequent in boys and non-right-handed children, it was proposed that early focal neuronal injury disrupts typical patterns of motor hand and language dominance and in the process produces developmental dyslexia. To date, these theories remain controversial. We revisited these earliest theories in a contemporary manner, investigating demographics associated with reading disability, and in a subgroup with and without reading disability, compared structural imaging as well as patterns of activity during tasks of verb generation and non-word repetition using magnetoencephalography source imaging.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAre there sensitive periods for physical activity to influence the development of executive function in children?
J Sport Health Sci
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Center for Cognitive and Brain Health, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Physical Therapy, Movement & Rehabilitation Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Executive functions emerge throughout childhood and shape multiple cognitive and behavioral outcomes across the lifespan. Given the importance of these functions, there is considerable interest in understanding the role of environmental enrichment to support their development. The past 20 years have seen the emergence of a body of evidence around the beneficial effects of engaging in physical activity for executive functioning in children.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMemantine treatment in sickle cell disease: A 1-year study of its effects on cognitive functions and neural processing.
Br J Haematol
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Pediatric Hematology Unit, Emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel.
This study evaluates the neurocognitive and electrophysiological effects of 1-year memantine treatment in 14 adolescents and young adults (mean age 24 years) with sickle cell disease (SCD, incluing sickle cell anaemia and sickle cell β-thalassemia), hypothesizing improvements in cognitive functions and neural processing. Participants underwent assessments using subtests from the Wechsler Intelligence Scale and a computerized task-switching paradigm with concurrent event-related potential (ERP) recordings, both before and after the treatment period. Assessments focused on processing speed, working memory, attention and executive function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPerceptual and semantic deficits in face recognition in semantic dementia.
Neuropsychologia
December 2024
Memory & Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California in San Francisco, 1651 4th St, San Francisco, CA, 94158, United States; Douglas Research Centre & Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, 6875 Boulevard LaSalle, Montréal, QC, Canada, H4H 1R3. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- Semantic dementia (SD) patients, particularly those with semantic variant primary progressive aphasia (svPPA) and semantic behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (sbvFTD), exhibit challenges in identifying faces due to atrophy in the anterior temporal lobe (ATL).
- The study involved 74 SD patients and 36 healthy controls, who underwent various face recognition and semantic processing tests, alongside structural MRI scans to assess neural correlates.
- Findings indicated that while both patient groups struggled with semantic face tasks, they performed similarly on perceptual face tests, suggesting that perceptual deficits may not arise until later stages of the disease with more extensive ATL atrophy.
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