Background & Aims: Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a progressive cholestatic liver disease of unknown cause, but strongly associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Potential risk factors triggering PSC have never been studied on a population level. The aim of this study was to evaluate smoking, appendectomy, family history and geographical distribution in a population-based cohort of PSC patients, as compared to IBD control patients and healthy controls (HC).
Methods: For this case-control study 343 PSC patients, 370 IBD controls and 232 HC's living in a geographically defined area in the Netherlands filled-out a questionnaire concerning smoking, appendectomy and family history of IBD and autoimmune liver diseases.
Results: Smoking was associated with a lower risk of developing PSC in PSC-ulcerative colitis (UC) patients (adjusted OR 0.21; 95% CI 0.12-0.34; P < 0.001). Comparable results were found for PSC-Crohn's disease (CD) patients (16% former smokers) compared to CD patients (55% former smokers) (adjusted OR 0.17; 95% CI 0.08-0.39; P < 0.001). Frequency of appendectomy did not differ between PSC and HC, but PSC-UC patients had undergone appendectomy more often than UC patients (13% vs. 6%) (adjusted OR 2.51; 95%CI 1.04-6.07; P = 0.041). We found no association between family history of IBD or autoimmune liver disease and risk of PSC. Degree of urbanization was not associated with PSC incidence.
Conclusion: In this large population-based case-control study we confirm that smoking is associated with a lower risk of developing PSC, independent of its protective effect for developing UC. Appendectomy is not associated with the risk of developing PSC.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/liv.12894 | DOI Listing |
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)
December 2024
Department of Endocrinology, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, China.
Introduction: This study aims to explore the risk factors in the progression of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Material And Methods: Relevant studies were comprehensively searched from PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Embase up to March 12. Data extraction was performed.
Infect Ecol Epidemiol
January 2025
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
Brucellosis remains a significant public health concern, especially in regions like the Mediterranean and Afghanistan. While its direct health effects are well-documented, its impact on quality of life is less explored. This study investigated the risk factors and quality of life effects of brucellosis in Herat, Afghanistan.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEClinicalMedicine
August 2024
Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, Department of Health Services Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Background: Lung cancer screening recommendations employ annual frequency for eligible individuals, despite evidence that it may not be universally optimal. The impact of imposing a structure on the screening frequency remains unknown. The ENGAGE framework, a validated framework that offers fully dynamic, analytically optimal, personalised lung cancer screening recommendations, could be used to assess the impact of screening structure on the effectiveness and efficiency of lung cancer screening.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFKobuviruses (family , genus ) are enteric viruses that infect a wide range of both human and animal hosts. Much of the evolutionary history of kobuviruses remains elusive, largely due to limited screening in wildlife. Bats have been implicated as major sources of virulent zoonoses, including coronaviruses, henipaviruses, and filoviruses, though much of the bat virome still remains uncharacterized.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Oncol
December 2024
The First Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
Objective: We conducted this study to investigate the relationship between serum uric acid (SUA) levels and the risk of upper gastrointestinal cancer.
Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study with 475659 cancer-free participants from the UK Biobank. All subjects were grouped into quartiles, and we used a Cox proportional hazards model to analyze the association between SUA levels and the risk of upper gastrointestinal cancer and explore the potential sex-specific relationship.
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