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Asymmetries in the Architecture of ON and OFF Arbors in ON-OFF Direction-Selective Ganglion Cells.
J Comp Neurol
January 2025
Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Direction selectivity is a fundamental feature in the visual system. In the retina, direction selectivity is independently computed by ON and OFF circuits. However, the advantages of extracting directional information from these two independent circuits are unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCorrelated spin-wave generation and domain-wall oscillation in a topologically textured magnetic film.
Nat Mater
January 2025
Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA.
Spin waves, or magnons, are essential for next-generation energy-efficient spintronics and magnonics. Yet, visualizing spin-wave dynamics at nanoscale and microwave frequencies remains a formidable challenge due to the lack of spin-sensitive, time-resolved microscopy. Here we report a breakthrough in imaging dipole-exchange spin waves in a ferromagnetic film owing to the development of laser-free ultrafast Lorentz electron microscopy, which is equipped with a microwave-mediated electron pulser for high spatiotemporal resolution.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFParticipation of spirilloxanthin in excitation energy transfer in reaction centers from purple bacteria Rhodospirillum rubrum.
Photosynth Res
January 2025
Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, Russia, 119991.
The femtosecond dynamics of energy transfer from light-excited spirilloxanthin (Spx) to bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) a in the reaction centers (RCs) of purple photosynthetic bacteria Rhodospirillum rubrum was studied. According to crio-electron microscopy data, Spx is located near accessory BChl a in the B-branch of cofactors. Spx was excited by 25 fs laser pulses at 490 nm, and difference absorption spectra were recorded in the range 500-700 nm.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPulsed laser deposition assisted epitaxial growth of cesium telluride photocathodes for high brightness electron sources.
Sci Rep
January 2025
IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY, 10598, USA.
The development of high-brightness electron sources is critical to state-of-the-art electron accelerator applications like X-ray free electron laser (XFEL) and ultra-fast electron microscopy. Cesium telluride is chosen as the electron source material for multiple cutting-edge XFEL facilities worldwide. This manuscript presents the first demonstration of the growth of highly crystalized and epitaxial cesium telluride thin films on 4H-SiC and graphene/4H-SiC substrates with ultrasmooth film surfaces.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAcid-decorated chitosan-magnetic aluminum ferrite as a bionanocomposite catalyst for green synthesis of biologically active [4,3‑d]pyrido[1,2‑a]pyrimidin-6‑ones.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Arak University, Arak, 38481-77584, Iran.
In this study, a novel hybrid nanostructure consisting of acid-decorated chitosan and magnetic AlFeO nanoparticles was fabricated. The acid-decorated chitosan provided a stable and biocompatible matrix for the magnetic AlFeO nanoparticles. Various techniques including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction patterns (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), specific surface area (BET), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) were used to characterize and confirm the successful synthesis of the hybrid nanostructure.
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