Navigation is a complex cognitive process that is vital for survival. The rodent hippocampus has long been implicated in spatial memory and navigation. Following the discovery of place cells, found in the hippocampus, a variety of other spatially tuned neural correlates of navigation have been found in a widely distributed network that is both anatomically and functionally interconnected with the hippocampus. Angular head velocity, head direction, and grid cells are among some of the additional spatial neural correlates. The importance of these different cells and how they function interdependently to subserve navigation is reviewed below.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/bs.pbr.2015.03.004 | DOI Listing |
Front Genet
December 2024
School of information engineering, Jingdezhen Ceramic University, Jingdezhen, China.
The early symptoms of hepatocellular carcinoma patients are often subtle and easily overlooked. By the time patients exhibit noticeable symptoms, the disease has typically progressed to middle or late stages, missing optimal treatment opportunities. Therefore, discovering biomarkers is essential for elucidating their functions for the early diagnosis and prevention.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Bioeng Biotechnol
December 2024
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
Introduction: Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by muscle stiffness, bradykinesia, and balance disorders, significantly impairing the quality of life for affected patients. While motion pose estimation and gait analysis can aid in early diagnosis and timely intervention, clinical practice currently lacks objective and accurate tools for gait analysis.
Methods: This study proposes a multi-level 3D pose estimation framework for PD patients, integrating monocular video with Transformer and Graph Convolutional Network (GCN) techniques.
Unlabelled: Social cognition spans from perceiving agents and their interactions to making inferences based on theory of mind (ToM). Despite their frequent co-occurrence in real life, the commonality and distinction between social interaction perception and ToM at behavioral and neural levels remain unclear. Here, participants ( = 231) provided moment-by-moment ratings of four text and four audio narratives on social interactions and ToM engagement.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDespite the sequencing revolution, large swaths of the genomes sequenced to date lack any information about the arrangement of transcription factor binding sites on regulatory DNA. Massively Parallel Reporter Assays (MPRAs) have the potential to dramatically accelerate our genomic annotations by making it possible to measure the gene expression levels driven by thousands of mutational variants of a regulatory region. However, the interpretation of such data often assumes that each base pair in a regulatory sequence contributes independently to gene expression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGlioblastoma tumors remain a formidable challenge for immune-based treatments because of their molecular heterogeneity, poor immunogenicity, and growth in the largely isolated and immunosuppressive neural environment. As the tumor grows, GBM cells change the composition and architecture of the neural extracellular matrix (ECM), affecting the mobility, survival, and function of immune cells such as tumor-associated microglia and infiltrated macrophages (TAMs). We have previously described the unique expression of the ECM protein EFEMP1/fibulin-3 in GBM compared to normal brain and demonstrated that this secreted protein promotes the growth of the GBM stem cell (GSC) population.
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