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Diversity of O Antigens within the Genus Cronobacter: from Disorder to Order. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • - Cronobacter species are dangerous bacteria that can infect newborns, and their virulence may be linked to the diversity of their lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) and O-antigen structures.
  • - In a study involving 82 strains of Cronobacter, researchers identified 11 known serotypes and 6 new ones based on their O-antigen gene clusters through RFLP analysis and genomic data.
  • - The research revealed discrepancies between current serotype-specific PCR probes and actual genomic variations, leading to the classification of 24 total serotypes, with certain serotypes being more frequently associated with clinical infections.

Article Abstract

Cronobacter species are Gram-negative opportunistic pathogens that can cause serious infections in neonates. The lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) that form part of the outer membrane of such bacteria are possibly related to the virulence of particular bacterial strains. However, currently there is no clear overview of O-antigen diversity within the various Cronobacter strains and links with virulence. In this study, we tested a total of 82 strains, covering each of the Cronobacter species. The nucleotide variability of the O-antigen gene cluster was determined by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. As a result, the 82 strains were distributed into 11 previously published serotypes and 6 new serotypes, each defined by its characteristic restriction profile. These new serotypes were confirmed using genomic analysis of strains available in public databases: GenBank and PubMLST Cronobacter. Laboratory strains were then tested using the current serotype-specific PCR probes. The results show that the current PCR probes did not always correspond to genomic O-antigen gene cluster variation. In addition, we analyzed the LPS phenotype of the reference strains of all distinguishable serotypes. The identified serotypes were compared with data from the literature and the MLST database (www.pubmlst.org/cronobacter/). Based on the findings, we systematically classified a total of 24 serotypes for the Cronobacter genus. Moreover, we evaluated the clinical history of these strains and show that Cronobacter sakazakii O2, O1, and O4, C. turicensis O1, and C. malonaticus O2 serotypes are particularly predominant in clinical cases.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4510170PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00277-15DOI Listing

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