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Heterogeneous neutrophils in lung transplantation and proteolytic CXCL8 activation in COVID-19, influenza and lung transplant patient lungs.
Cell Mol Life Sci
December 2024
Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Rega Institute, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Rega - Herestraat 49, box 1042, Leuven, 3000, Belgium.
Elevated neutrophil counts in broncho-alveolar lavage (BAL) fluids of lung transplant (LTx) patients with chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) are associated with disease pathology. However, phenotypical characteristics of these cells remained largely unknown. Moreover, despite enhanced levels of the most potent human neutrophil-attracting chemokine CXCL8 in BAL fluid, no discrimination had been made between natural NH-terminally truncated CXCL8 proteoforms, which exhibit up to 30-fold differences in biological activity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDisseminated histoplasmosis diagnosed on a blood smear in a Nigerian patient with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
Oxf Med Case Reports
October 2024
Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, 540242, Nigeria.
Article Synopsis
- - A 40-year-old woman in Nigeria presented with neck swelling and abdominal pain, leading to an initial diagnosis of sepsis and micronutrient deficiency based on her blood tests.
- - Despite antibiotic treatment, her condition worsened with additional symptoms like fever and fatigue, eventually being diagnosed with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma after a lymph node biopsy.
- - A later blood test revealed yeast cells suggesting histoplasmosis, highlighting the importance of considering this diagnosis in cancer patients and the value of blood smears for detection.
Article Synopsis
- Pancytopenia is a medical condition where there's a decrease in red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets, causing various health issues and can stem from different causes, including reversible ones like infections and vitamin deficiencies.
- A 39-year-old male presented with symptoms such as dizziness and body aches, and tests revealed that he had low blood cell counts and signs of anemia, raising concerns for possible blood disorders like leukemia or lymphoma.
- Further testing ultimately revealed that the cause of his symptoms was severe vitamin B12 deficiency, rather than a hematologic malignancy.
Nitrous oxide-induced myeloneuropathy in a Thai adolescent: a case report.
Paediatr Int Child Health
August 2024
Division of Ambulatory Pediatrics (Toxicology), Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Nitrous oxide, an inhalational anaesthetic, is popular with adolescents worldwide as an accessible recreational drug which induces a euphoric effect. However, chronic abuse leads to serious complications such as myeloneuropathy and bone marrow suppression by inactivation of vitamin B. A 17-year-old girl presented with nitrous oxide-induced myeloneuropathy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInvestigation of the rhythmic recruitment of tear neutrophils to the ocular surface and their phenotypes.
Sci Rep
March 2024
School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada.
Article Synopsis
- The study examines how the number and characteristics of immune cells (PMNs) in tear fluid fluctuate based on the time of day and duration of eye closure.
- Researchers found that more PMNs were present in tears after 2 hours of sleep at night than after the same duration during the day.
- The results suggest that nighttime PMNs show higher activation levels, and their recruitment may be influenced by increased levels of the signaling protein IL-8 in tears during the night.
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