[Evolution of cardiovascular risk factors in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention].

Aim: Controlling cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) is important for the outcome of interventional practices (percutaneous coronary intervention [PCI]) in ischemic heart disease. The aim is to determine the evolution of the CVRF 6 months after the intervention and their relationship with new events.

Method: A descriptive study was conducted on a case series. The variables recorded were: age, sex and chronic kidney disease (CKD), as well as total (TC) and HDL cholesterol, systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), smoking habit, and body mass index (BMI), before PCI and after 6 months. The occurrence of death or new PCI during the follow-up was considered an independent variable in a logistic regression analysis. A P<.05 was assumed significant.

Results: A total of 222 cases (75.2% males) were included, with a mean age of 70.2 (SD 11.9) years, of whom 57.7% were hypertensive patients, 55.9% had hyperlipidemia, 50.4% were smokers or ex-smokers, and 28.2% were diabetics. After 6 months, 5% died, and 15.3% needed a new PCI, while 33% of the sample had all the CVRF considered. Decreases were observed in SBP (-3.3 mmHg), DBP (-2.6 mmHg), and TC (-35.2mg/dl). The emergence of new event was associated with age (OR: 1.06; P=.003) and CKD (OR: 3.7; P=.04).

Conclusions: There is a high prevalence of CVRF. After 6 months, there was a decrease in blood pressure and TC, although incomplete control of CVRF was found. One fifth of the patients had an event in that period, showing association with age and CKD.