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Cancer J
January 2025
From the Department of Radiation Oncology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH.
There has been a significant paradigm shift in the clinical management of lower-grade glioma patients given the recent updates to the 2021 World Health Organization classification along with long-term results from randomized phase III clinical trials. As a result, we are now better able to diagnose and assign patients to the most appropriate treatment course. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the most robust and reliable molecular biomarkers for adult lower-grade gliomas and discusses current challenges facing this patient population that future correlative biology studies combined with advancements in technologies could help overcome.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Cardiol Rep
January 2025
Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA.
Purpose Of Review: This review aims to provide an updated overview of the role of echocardiography in the assessment of cardiomyopathies, highlighting recent findings and technological advancements.
Recent Findings: Over the past few years, significant advancements in echocardiographic techniques have improved diagnostic accuracy and provided important prognostic value in the assessment of cardiomyopathies. Cardiomyopathy is a group of diseases affecting the heart muscle.
J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr
January 2025
Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Colorado, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
Pediatric cholestatic liver diseases are rare conditions that can result from multiple specific underlying etiologies. Among the most common etiologies of pediatric cholestatic liver diseases are biliary atresia, Alagille syndrome (ALGS), and inherited disorders of bile acid transport. These diseases are characterized by episodic or chronic unremitting cholestasis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Opin Nephrol Hypertens
January 2025
The University of Melbourne Department of Medicine (Melbourne Health and Northern Health), Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, AUSTRALIA.
Purpose Of Review: The recent widespread availability of genetic testing has resulted in the diagnosis of many more people with Alport syndrome. This increased recognition has been paralleled by advances in understanding clinical consequences, genotype-phenotype correlations and in the development of new therapies.
Recent Findings: These include the international call for a change of name to 'Alport spectrum' which better reflects the diverse clinical features seen with autosomal dominant and X-linked Alport syndrome; the demonstration of how common Alport syndrome is in people with haematuria, proteinuria, or kidney failure; the inability of current genetic testing to detect all pathogenic variants in suspected Alport syndrome; the different genotype-phenotype correlations for autosomal dominant and X-linked disease; and the novel treatments that are available including SGLT2 inhibitors for persistent albuminuria despite renin-angiotensin-aldosterone blockade, as well as early studies of gene-modifying agents.
Front Immunol
January 2025
Infectious Disease Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University of Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Due to their widespread geographic distribution and frequent outbreaks, mosquito-borne flaviviruses, such as DENV (DENV), Zika virus (ZIKV), Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), yellow fever virus (YFV), and West Nile virus (WNV), are considered significant global public health threats and contribute to dramatic socioeconomic imbalances worldwide. The global prevalence of these viruses is largely driven by extensive international travels and ecological disruptions that create favorable conditions for the breeding of and species, the mosquito vectors responsible for the spread of these pathogens. Currently, vaccines are available for only DENV, YFV, and JEV, but these face several challenges, including safety concerns, lengthy production processes, and logistical difficulties in distribution, especially in resource-limited regions, highlighting the urgent need for innovative vaccine approaches.
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