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Hippocampal protection during preventive cranial irradiation and neurocognitive functions in patients with small cell lung cancer.
Rep Pract Oncol Radiother
December 2024
Department of Radiotherapy, Chair of Oncology, Medical University, Lodz, Poland.
Background: In small cell lung cancer (SCLC), limiting the radiation dose in the hippocampus area during preventive cranial irradiation (PCI) can reduce nerve injury and cognitive decline. This study was done to compare changes in cognitive functions between hippocampal-protected (3D-H) and non-hippocampal-protected (3D) patients during PCI.
Materials And Methods: the study group included 113 patients with SCLC qualified to PCI divided in two subgroups: 3D-H (n = 74) and 3D (n = 39).
Cardiorespiratory fitness, hippocampal subfield morphology, and episodic memory in older adults.
Front Aging Neurosci
December 2024
Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
Objective: Age-related hippocampal atrophy is associated with memory loss in older adults, and certain hippocampal subfields are more vulnerable to age-related atrophy than others. Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) may be an important protective factor for preserving hippocampal volume, but little is known about how CRF relates to the volume of specific hippocampal subfields, and whether associations between CRF and hippocampal subfield volumes are related to episodic memory performance. To address these gaps, the current study evaluates the associations among baseline CRF, hippocampal subfield volumes, and episodic memory performance in cognitively unimpaired older adults from the Investigating Gains in Neurocognition Trial of Exercise (IGNITE) (NCT02875301).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Hippocampal hyperactivity is a hallmark of prodromal Alzheimer's disease (AD) that predicts progression in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). AGB101 is an extended-release formulation of levetiracetam in the dose range previously demonstrated to normalize hippocampal activity and improve cognitive performance in aMCI. The HOPE4MCI study was a 78-week trial to assess the progression of MCI due to AD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAssociations between genetic variations in oxytocin pathway genes and hippocampal volume: Insights from the UK Biobank.
Cortex
December 2024
Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; Stockholm University Brain Imaging Centre (SUBIC), Stockholm, Sweden; Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address:
The role of oxytocin-related genes in social-cognitive function has been previously established, but structural brain mechanisms underlying this link remain poorly understood. Utilizing a substantial dataset from the UK Biobank (N ≈ 30,000), this research determined associations between variations in ten single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within three oxytocin pathway genes (i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSex- and brain region-specific alterations in brain volume in germ-free mice.
iScience
December 2024
Psychiatry and Behavioural Neuroscience, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Several lines of evidence demonstrate that microbiota influence brain development. Using high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), this study examined the impact of microbiota status on brain volume and revealed microbiota-related differences that were sex and brain region dependent. Cortical and hippocampal regions demonstrate increased sensitivity to microbiota status during the first 5 weeks of postnatal life, effects that were greater in male germ-free mice.
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