AI Article Synopsis
- Microglia are brain immune cells that play a crucial role in maintaining stability and responding to stress or damage, but as the brain ages or in conditions like Alzheimer's and ALS, they become more reactive and pro-inflammatory, a state known as microglial priming.
- Researchers analyzed the gene expression of these primed microglia using a method called WGCNA and found a distinct set of genes that were activated, which varied from those involved in acute inflammation.
- The study concluded that microglial priming leads to a consistent gene expression profile that reflects both age-related changes and specific neurodegenerative diseases.
Article Abstract
Introduction: Microglia are tissue macrophages of the central nervous system that monitor brain homeostasis and react upon neuronal damage and stress. Aging and neurodegeneration induce a hypersensitive, pro-inflammatory phenotype, referred to as primed microglia. To determine the gene expression signature of priming, the transcriptomes of microglia in aging, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) mouse models were compared using Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA).
Results: A highly consistent consensus transcriptional profile of up-regulated genes was identified, which prominently differed from the acute inflammatory gene network induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Where the acute inflammatory network was significantly enriched for NF-κB signaling, the primed microglia profile contained key features related to phagosome, lysosome, antigen presentation, and AD signaling. In addition, specific signatures for aging, AD, and ALS were identified.
Conclusion: Microglia priming induces a highly conserved transcriptional signature with aging- and disease-specific aspects.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4489356 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40478-015-0203-5 | DOI Listing |
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