UVR8 is the only known plant photoreceptor that mediates light responses to UV-B (280-315 nm) of the solar spectrum. UVR8 perceives a UV-B signal via light-induced dimer dissociation, which triggers a wide range of cellular responses involved in photomorphogenesis and photoprotection. Two recent crystal structures of Arabidopsis thaliana UVR8 (AtUVR8) have revealed unusual clustering of UV-B-absorbing Trp pigments at the dimer interface and provided a structural framework for further mechanistic investigation. This review summarizes recent advances in spectroscopic, computational and crystallographic studies on UVR8 that are directed toward full understanding of UV-B perception at the molecular level.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/php.12470 | DOI Listing |
J Exp Bot
December 2024
National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi-110067, India.
Stomata, the small pores on the surfaces of leaves and stems, are crucial for gas exchange in plants and also play a role in defense against pathogens. The stomatal movement is not only influenced by surrounding light conditions but also by the presence of foliar pathogens. To put it more crisply, certain light wavelengths such as blue or strong red light, cause stomatal opening, which tragically makes it easier for bacteria to enter through opened stomata and causes disease progression in plants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlant J
December 2024
School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan RD. Minhang District, 200240, Shanghai, China.
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is an important model plant species in photomorphogenesis research. Ultraviolet B (UV-B) induces the dissociation of homodimers of the photoreceptor UV RESISTANCE LOCUS8 (UVR8) into monomers, which translocate into the nucleus.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
July 2024
State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
In plants, the conserved plant-specific photoreceptor UV RESISTANCE LOCUS 8 (UVR8) perceives ultraviolet-B (UV-B) light and mediates UV-B-induced photomorphogenesis and stress acclimation. In this study, we reveal that UV-B light treatment shortens seedlings, increases stem thickness, and enhances UV-B stress tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa) via its two UV-B photoreceptors OsUVR8a and OsUVR8b. Although the rice and Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) UVR8 (AtUVR8) photoreceptors all form monomers in response to UV-B light, OsUVR8a, and OsUVR8b function is only partially conserved with respect to AtUVR8 in UV-B-induced photomorphogenesis and stress acclimation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlant Physiol
October 2024
Department of Plant Sciences, Section of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
Plants must balance light capture for photosynthesis with protection from potentially harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Photoprotection is mediated by concerted action of photoreceptors, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we provide evidence that UV RESISTANCE LOCUS 8 (UVR8) UV-B, phytochrome red, and cryptochrome blue-light photoreceptors converge on the induction of FERULIC ACID 5-HYDROXYLASE 1 (FAH1) that encodes a key enzyme in the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway, leading to the accumulation of UV-absorbing sinapate esters in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlant Cell Environ
October 2024
Department of Applied Genetics & Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources & Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria.
This study determines the functional role of the plant ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B) photoreceptor, UV RESISTANCE LOCUS 8 (UVR8) under natural conditions using a large-scale 'synchronized-genetic-perturbation-field-experiment'. Laboratory experiments have demonstrated a role for UVR8 in UV-B responses but do not reflect the complexity of outdoor conditions where 'genotype × environment' interactions can mask laboratory-observed responses. Arabidopsis thaliana knockout mutant, uvr8-7, and the corresponding Wassilewskija wild type, were sown outdoors on the same date at 21 locations across Europe, ranging from 39°N to 67°N latitude.
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