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Sex differences in heart rate and heart rate variability responses to transcutaneous auricular vagal nerve stimulation in rats.
Auton Neurosci
December 2024
Stress Physiology Lab, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy. Electronic address:
The identification of reliable biomarkers of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) responsiveness is a key challenge both at the clinical and preclinical level. Vagally-mediated heart rate variability (vmHRV), a surrogate measure of cardiac vagal efferent activity, is an ideal candidate. Yet, the effects of taVNS on vmHRV remain inconclusive, likely due to the high degree of heterogeneity in stimulation protocols (e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExploring Photoreceptor Gene Expression and Seasonal Physiology in Mediterranean Swordfish ().
Animals (Basel)
November 2024
Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente (DiSVA), Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Itlay.
Mature and immature female swordfish show different gonadal expression patterns of melatonin synthesis-related and opsin genes, indicating that seasonality affects gonadal circadian genes, especially through opsin modulation. The high energy demands of reproduction may cause mature female swordfish to become more susceptible to environmental stressors/changes, potentially affecting their health post-reproduction. The modulation of melatonin and opsin expression may also influence swordfish biology, impacting basal metabolism and stress responses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe host glycosylation mechanism, with sialic acids as a key component, is essential for synthesizing carbohydrate components in viral glycoproteins. We hypothesize a correlation between the presence of the Neu5Gc on the host tissue and the development of infectious complications, adverse vaccine reactions, and autoimmune diseases. In certain mammals, including humans, the loss of the Cytidine Monophospho-N-Acetylneuraminic Acid Hydroxylase gene (negative-CMAH) prevents the synthesis of Neu5Gc, which acts as a Mammalian-associated Carbohydrate Antigen (MCA), (XeSiAs-Neu5Gc).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProbiotics as Potential Tool to Mitigate Nucleotide Metabolism Alterations Induced by DiNP Dietary Exposure in .
Int J Mol Sci
October 2024
Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy.
Diisononyl phthalate, classified as endocrine disruptor, has been investigate to trigger lipid biosynthesis in both mammalian and teleostean animal models. Despite this, little is known about the effects of DiNP exposure at tolerable daily intake level and the possible mechanisms of its toxicity. Probiotics, on the other hand, were demonstrated to have beneficial effects on the organism's metabolism and recently emerged as a possible tool to mitigate the EDC toxicity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSex-specific behavioral, cardiac, and neuroendocrine responses to repeated witness social stress in adult rats.
Physiol Behav
December 2024
Stress Physiology Lab, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy. Electronic address:
In humans, sex disparities exist in the prevalence of social stress-related disorders, yet our understanding of the predisposing factors and underlying mechanisms is still elusive. Also at the preclinical level, the investigation of sex differences in social stress responses is limited. In this study, adult male and female wild-type Groningen rats were repeatedly exposed to witness social defeat stress (WS) to assess sex-specific behavioral, neuroendocrine, and cardiac responses to the same social stress paradigm.
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