Aims: Monocytes play critical roles in tissue injury and repair following acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Specifically targeting inflammatory monocytes in experimental models leads to reduced infarct size and improved healing. However, data from humans are sparse, and it remains unclear whether monocytes play an equally important role in humans. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the monocyte response following AMI is conserved between humans and mice and interrogate patterns of gene expression to identify regulated functions.
Methods And Results: Thirty patients (AMI) and 24 control patients (stable coronary atherosclerosis) were enrolled. Female C57BL/6J mice (n = 6/group) underwent AMI by surgical coronary ligation. Myocardial injury was quantified by magnetic resonance imaging (human) and echocardiography (mice). Peripheral monocytes were isolated at presentation and at 48 h. RNA from separated monocytes was hybridized to Illumina beadchips. Acute myocardial infarction resulted in a significant peripheral monocytosis in both species that positively correlated with the extent of myocardial injury. Analysis of the monocyte transcriptome following AMI demonstrated significant conservation and identified inflammation and mitosis as central processes to this response. These findings were validated in both species.
Conclusions: Our findings show that the monocyte transcriptome is conserved between mice and humans following AMI. Patterns of gene expression associated with inflammation and proliferation appear to be switched on prior to their infiltration of injured myocardium suggesting that the specific targeting of inflammatory and proliferative processes in these immune cells in humans are possible therapeutic strategies. Importantly, they could be effective in the hours after AMI.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehv195 | DOI Listing |
Herz
January 2025
Herzzentrum Leipzig, Universitätsklinik für Kardiologie, Strümpellstr. 39, 04289, Leipzig, Deutschland.
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) encompasses a spectrum of diagnoses ranging from unstable angina pectoris to myocardial infarction with and without ST-segment elevation and frequently presents as the first clinical manifestation. It is crucial in this scenario to perform a timely and comprehensive assessment of patients by evaluating the clinical presentation, electrocardiogram and laboratory diagnostics using highly sensitivity cardiac troponin in order to initiate a timely and risk-adapted continuing treatment with immediate or early invasive coronary angiography.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur Heart J
January 2025
Department of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark.
Cardiogenic shock represents a critical condition in which the heart is unable to maintain adequate circulation leading to insufficient tissue perfusion and end-organ failure. Temporary mechanical circulatory support offers the potential to stabilize patients, provide a bridge-to-recovery, provide a bridge-to-decision, or facilitate definitive heart replacement therapies. Although randomized controlled trials have been performed in infarct-related cardiogenic shock and refractory cardiac arrest, the optimal timing, appropriate patient selection, and optimal implementation of these devices remain complex and predominantly based on observational data and expert consensus, especially in non-ischaemic shock.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Despite its low prevalence, premature myocardial infarction (MI) bears serious social consequences and shares different pathophysiology.
Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate young MI patients in terms of clinical characteristics and long-term outcomes.
Patients And Methods: This study is an observational research covering 221 patients <45 years old [16.
J Am Heart Assoc
January 2025
Center for Stroke Research Berlin Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany.
Background: Excessive supraventricular ectopic activity (ESVEA) is regarded as a risk marker for later atrial fibrillation (AF) detection.
Methods And Results: The investigator-initiated, prospective, open, multicenter MonDAFIS (Impact of Standardized Monitoring for Detection of Atrial Fibrillation in Ischemic Stroke) study randomized 3465 patients with acute ischemic stroke without known AF 1:1 to usual diagnostic procedures for AF detection or additive Holter monitoring in hospital for up to 7 days, analyzed in a core laboratory. Secondary study objectives include the comparison of recurrent stroke, myocardial infarction, major bleeding, and all-cause death within 24 months in patients with ESVEA (defined as ectopic supraventricular beats ≥480/day or atrial runs of 10-29 seconds or both) versus patients with newly diagnosed AF versus patients without ESVEA or AF (non-ESVEA/AF), randomized to the intervention group.
Background: Meta-analyses have suggested that the risk of cardiovascular disease events is significantly higher after a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbation, but the populations at highest risk have not been well characterized to date.
Methods And Results: The authors analyzed the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) hospitalizations after COPD hospitalization compared with before COPD hospitalization and patient factors associated with ASCVD hospitalizations after COPD hospitalization among 2 high-risk patient cohorts. The primary outcome was risk of an ASCVD hospitalization composite outcome (myocardial infarction, coronary artery bypass graft, percutaneous coronary intervention, stroke, transient ischemic accident) after COPD hospitalization relative to before COPD hospitalization.
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