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Robust, fully-automated assessment of cerebral perivascular spaces and white matter lesions: a multicentre MRI longitudinal study of their evolution and association with risk of dementia and accelerated brain atrophy.
EBioMedicine
December 2024
Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Background: Perivascular spaces (PVS) on brain MRI are surrogates for small parenchymal blood vessels and their perivascular compartment, and may relate to brain health. However, it is unknown whether PVS can predict dementia risk and brain atrophy trajectories in participants without dementia, as longitudinal studies on PVS are scarce and current methods for PVS assessment lack robustness and inter-scanner reproducibility.
Methods: We developed a robust algorithm to automatically assess PVS count and size on clinical MRI, and investigated 1) their relationship with dementia risk and brain atrophy in participants without dementia, 2) their longitudinal evolution, and 3) their potential use as a screening tool in simulated clinical trials.
NaCTR: Natural product-derived compound-based drug discovery pipeline from traditional oriental medicine by search space reduction.
Comput Struct Biotechnol J
December 2024
Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
The drug discovery pipelines require enormous time and cost, albeit their infamously high risk of failures. Reducing such risk has therefore been the utmost goal in the process. Recently, natural products (NPs) in traditional oriental medicine (TOM) have come into the spotlight for their efficacy and safety supported throughout the history.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComparative study between UVB 313 nm, UVC 254 nm, and far UVC 222 nm light on the aging of polyamide 66.
Heliyon
October 2024
Centro de Investigaciones y de Estudios Avanzados Del I.P.N. Unidad Querétaro, Querétaro, Querétaro, C.P. 76230, Mexico.
Polyamide-66 underwent substantial growth worldwide in the late 1930's. It can be found in several public spaces. After 2019, due to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), the sanitization of the interior of aircraft and public spaces by using UV light became important.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCompact Arterial Monitoring Device Use in Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta (REBOA): A Simple Validation Study in Swine.
Cureus
October 2024
Department of Anesthesiology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, USA.
Article Synopsis
- - Hemorrhage is the main cause of preventable death in trauma situations, leading to military and civilian advancements in medical practices, particularly through the use of tourniquets to manage extremity bleeding and save lives.
- - While tourniquets have significantly decreased deaths from bleeding in military settings, noncompressible hemorrhage still poses a major risk, especially before patients receive definitive medical care.
- - The study explores using a small, disposable pressure monitor during resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) to enhance blood pressure monitoring, facilitate better resuscitation practices, and reduce the need for blood products in extreme environments.
Enhancing cognitive performance prediction by white matter hyperintensity connectivity assessment.
Brain
December 2024
Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20251Germany.
Article Synopsis
- White matter hyperintensities (WMH) are linked to cognitive impairment but solely measuring their volume doesn't fully explain the cognitive deficits.
- Lesion network mapping (LNM) offers a new way to assess how WMH connects with brain networks, potentially improving our understanding of their impact on cognition.
- In a study of 3,485 patients, LNM scores outperformed WMH volumes in predicting cognitive performance, especially in attention, processing speed, and verbal memory, but not for language functions.
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