Lidar-data processing techniques are analyzed, which allow determining smoke-plume heights and their dynamics and can be helpful for the improvement of smoke dispersion and air quality models. The data processing algorithms considered in the paper are based on the analysis of two alternative characteristics related to the smoke dispersion process: the regularized intercept function, extracted directly from the recorded lidar signal, and the square-range corrected backscatter signal, obtained after determining and subtracting the constant offset in the recorded signal. The analysis is performed using experimental data of the scanning lidar obtained in the area of prescribed fires.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/AO.54.002011 | DOI Listing |
Sci Total Environ
March 2024
Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA.
Biomass burning is a major contributor to ambient air pollution worldwide, and the accurate characterization of biomass burning plume behavior is an important consideration for air quality models that attempt to reproduce these emissions. Smoke plume injection height, or the vertical level into which the combustion emissions are released, is an important consideration for determining plume behavior, transport, and eventual impacts. This injection height is dependent on several fire properties, each with estimates and uncertainties in terms of historical fire emissions inventories.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMar Pollut Bull
July 2023
Fire Protection Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 100 Institute Road, Worcester, MA 01609, USA.
The Outdoor Gas Emission Sampling (OGES) system was developed to serve as an economical alternative to expensive industrial gas monitoring equipment. By establishing a sampling plane with four discrete sampling points along the radial direction of the smoke plume, the heat release rate (HRR) was measured for large-scale open oil slick fires. This newfound technique was particularly noteworthy during enhanced burns involving Flame Refluxerâ„¢ technology, where it is believed that partial premixing of the fuel and air by the apparatus resulted in a higher HRR than existing flame height correlations would suggest, evident by the HRR calculated using mass burning rate and gas analysis methods, which were in good agreement.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Wildland Fire
January 2022
Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
Air quality models are used to assess the impact of smoke from wildland fires, both prescribed and natural, on ambient air quality and human health. However, the accuracy of these models is limited by uncertainties in the parametrisation of smoke plume injection height (PIH) and its vertical distribution. We compared PIH estimates from the plume rise method (Briggs) in the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) modelling system with observations from the 2013 California Rim Fire and 2017 prescribed burns in Kansas.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSensors (Basel)
June 2022
Shaoxing Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center of Zhejiang Province, Shaoxing 312000, China.
Directly measuring particulate matters (PM) from chimneys in an industrial park is difficult due to it being hard to reach the peak heights. A self-developed PM detector on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) had been deployed to directly measure the PM emissions in smoke plumes from chimneys in a textile dyeing industrial park. Compared with a commercial PM device (LD-5R, SIBATA, Kyoto, Japan), the self-developed detector showed similar performance with a good correlation (R varying from 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Total Environ
July 2020
Atmospheric and Environmental Systems Modeling Division, Center for Environmental Measurement and Modeling, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA.
In November 2016, a large area of wildfire occurred in the southeastern United States, concomitant with the occurrence of severe drought during the same period. Whereas the previous studies on biomass burning over this region mainly focused on the prescribed fire, this study investigated the impact of wildfire using the two-way-coupled Weather Research and Forecasting model and Community Multiscale Air Quality model. Two episodic wildfire burning events (November 6 to 9 and November 13 to 16, 2016) were selected, and the mean contribution to fine particulate matter (PM) in the southeastern United States from wildfires reached 9.
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