A common-path and on-axis configuration for improving the resolution power of a lensless Fresnel holographic imaging system is proposed. In this configuration, a pinhole array plate (PAP) is inserted between the object and the recording plane. We demonstrated that the complex amplitude of the object wave can be directly extracted from a single Fresnel hologram of the object wave sampled by the PAP, and the numerical aperture of the effective imaging system can be increased because of the diffraction effect of the pinhole array. It may provide one approach for improving the capabilities of digital holography available for a wide range of wavelengths from far-infrared to x-ray and electron beams.
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