[Cutaneous cryptococcosis mimicking basal cell carcinoma and revealing systemic involvement in acquired immunodeficiency].

Background: Cryptococcosis is a rare and a serious opportunistic infection that occurs primarily on the field of immunodeficiency. We report a case of disseminated cryptococcosis in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome revealed by unusual skin lesions.

Observation: A 52-year-old patient consulted for two crusty ulcerative lesions situated on the left supraorbital and on the nasal tip that appeared 6 months ago. He also reported respiratory symptoms present since one year, with dry cough and dyspnea, chronic headache and vomiting with no alteration in visual acuity. The mycological study of the skin biopsy on both lesions isolated Cryptococcus neoformans as well as in the sputum and cerebrospinal fluid. Serology of human immunodeficiency virus infection was positive. Treatment with fluconazole, local care and antiretroviral triple therapy was implemented.

Discussion: Skin lesions during cryptococcosis are rare and observed in 2-10% of cases. Cutaneous symptoms were the reason for consultation in our patient. This is a rare form of cutaneous cryptococcosis leading to the discovery of both pulmonary and central nervous system locations, and to diagnosis of HIV infection.