While investigating ways to solve the problem of locating radiation sources applied in brachytherapy a device was constructed which enables a precise assessment of their or their applicators' position from two only roughly positioned orthogonal radiographs. The overall accuracy (including exposure and evaluation) achieved is +/- 1 mm. The constructional elements and the evaluation algorithm are described and the influence of the location uncertainty on the uncertainty of the dose applied are discussed.
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Nat Commun
January 2025
Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Phase transitions in the mantle control its internal dynamics and structure. The post-spinel transition marks the upper-lower mantle boundary, where ringwoodite dissociates into bridgmanite plus ferropericlase, and its Clapeyron slope regulates mantle flow across it. This interaction has previously been assumed to have no lateral spatial variations, based on the assumption of a linear post-spinel boundary in pressure and temperature.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBreast
December 2024
Radiation Oncology Unit, REM Radioterapia Srl, 95029, Viagrande, Italy; Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Enna Kore, Enna, Italy. Electronic address:
Background: To identify optimal therapeutic strategies for managing fungating, large or ulcerating breast tumors and highlight existing gaps in the literature.
Methods: We conducted a systematic search of Medline, Embase, APA, PsycInfo, CAB abstracts, Scopus, and Web of Science from inception to June 30, 2024, including studies on patients with fungating, large, or ulcerating breast cancers.
Results: The search identified 7917 studies, with 79 meeting the inclusion criteria: 62 case reports, 7 case series, and 10 cohort studies.
Sensors (Basel)
January 2025
The Blavatnik School of Computer Science and AI, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel.
This article surveys the literature on miniature radio transmitters designed to track free-ranging wild animals using emitter-localization techniques. The articles covers the topics of power sources used in such transmitters, including miniature batteries and energy harvesting, techniques for generating the transmitted radio-frequency carrier, techniques for creating short radio pulses and more general on-off schedules, modulation in modern wildlife-tracking transmitters, construction, manufacturing, and tuning techniques, and recent trends in this area. The article also describes the recreation of the first successful wildlife-tracking transmitter, a nontrivial invention that had a profound impact on wildlife ecology, and explores its behavior.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMaterials (Basel)
January 2025
Chair and Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1 Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland.
The present article focuses on the characterization of the new biocomposites of poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) with fillers of plant origin such as onion peels (OP) and durum wheat bran WB () subjected to composting and artificial aging. The susceptibility to fungal growth, cytotoxicity and antibacterial properties were also examined. The biodegradation of the samples was investigated under normalized conditions simulating an intensive aerobic composting process.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
January 2025
Dermatology Department, Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal, Carretera M-607 km 9.1, 28034 Madrid, Spain.
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) involves the topical application of a photosensitizer and its activation by visible light, leading to the generation of protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) and reactive oxygen species. Daylight photodynamic therapy (dPDT), a variant utilizing natural sunlight as the energy source, enhances procedural flexibility by eliminating the need for specialized equipment. dPDT has been effectively used in dermatology to treat various cutaneous disorders, including neoplastic and infectious diseases.
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