Halogen photoelimination reactions constitute the oxidative half-reaction of closed HX-splitting energy storage cycles. Here, we report high-yielding, endothermic Cl2 photoelimination chemistry from mononuclear Ni(III) complexes. On the basis of time-resolved spectroscopy and steady-state photocrystallography experiments, a mechanism involving ligand-assisted halogen elimination is proposed. Employing ancillary ligands to promote elimination offers a strategy to circumvent the inherently short-lived excited states of 3d metal complexes for the activation of thermodynamically challenging bonds.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jacs.5b03192 | DOI Listing |
J Am Chem Soc
June 2024
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States.
Within the context of Ni photoredox catalysis, halogen atom photoelimination from Ni has emerged as a fruitful strategy for enabling hydrogen atom transfer (HAT)-mediated C(sp)-H functionalization. Despite the numerous synthetic transformations invoking this paradigm, a unified mechanistic hypothesis that is consistent with experimental findings on the catalytic systems and accounts for halogen radical formation and facile C(sp)-C(sp) bond formation remains elusive. We employ kinetic analysis, organometallic synthesis, and computational investigations to decipher the mechanism of a prototypical Ni-catalyzed photochemical C(sp)-H arylation reaction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Phys Chem A
August 2023
Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India.
The photodegradation of the nonsteroidal antiandrogen drug flutamide has been long linked to the photoisomerization involving the nitro group. In this work, the dynamics of NO photoelimination upon photolysis at 266 nm of flutamide, nitrobenzotrifluoride, and its halogen derivatives were investigated. Similar to nitrobenzene and its derivatives, a bimodal translational energy distribution was observed for the NO photofragment indicating the presence of two distinct elimination channels resulting in slow and fast components.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAngew Chem Int Ed Engl
August 2022
Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
With the discovery of late transition metal platforms that support clean photoreductive halogen eliminations, we now describe an indazol-3-ylidene gold trichloride complex ([7] ) decorated at the 4-position by a xanthylium unit. This orange complex features a low energy band in the visible part of the spectrum, assigned to the charge transfer excitation of the indazol-3-ylidene/xanthylium donor/acceptor dyad. Green-light irradiation of this complex in the presence of a chlorine trap elicits the clean photoelimination of chlorine radicals, producing the corresponding gold(I) complex.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhotochem Photobiol Sci
January 2021
Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, 7-1 Kioicho, Chiyodaku, Tokyo, 102-8554, Japan.
Mercury lamps are typically the major light sources in water treatments. However, the use of mercury has raised some concerns with regard to the Minamata Convention on Mercury. As such, Hg-free microwave discharged electrodeless lamps (MDELs) that incorporate a rare gas and a halogen gas (R/H-MDEL) have been investigated with such Hg-free mixture filler gases as Kr/Cl, Xe/Cl, and Kr/Br (R/H).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAcc Chem Res
February 2021
Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States.
In recent years, the development of light-driven reactions has contributed numerous advances in synthetic organic chemistry. A particularly active research area combines photoredox catalysis with nickel catalysis to accomplish otherwise inaccessible cross-coupling reactions. In these reactions, the photoredox catalyst absorbs light to generate an electronically excited charge-transfer state that can engage in electron or energy transfer with a substrate and the nickel catalyst.
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