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Evaluation of a Phylogenetic Marker Based on Genomic Segment B of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus: Facilitating a Feasible Incorporation of this Segment to the Molecular Epidemiology Studies for this Viral Agent. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is a viral disease affecting birds, resulting in high death rates and significant economic losses globally for over 20 years; this study focuses on a phylogenetic marker (B-marker) to understand the virus's spread and evolution.
  • The research used sequences from various IBDV strains and analyzed the B-marker to ensure its reliability, revealing a complex demographic history and identifying a novel reassortant strain within Cuban samples.
  • This work enhances our understanding of the emergence of very virulent IBD virus strains and provides insights into their genetic changes and epidemiology using advanced phylogenetic techniques.

Article Abstract

Background: Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is a highly contagious and acute viral disease, which has caused high mortality rates in birds and considerable economic losses in different parts of the world for more than two decades and it still represents a considerable threat to poultry. The current study was designed to rigorously measure the reliability of a phylogenetic marker included into segment B. This marker can facilitate molecular epidemiology studies, incorporating this segment of the viral genome, to better explain the links between emergence, spreading and maintenance of the very virulent IBD virus (vvIBDV) strains worldwide.

Methodology/principal Findings: Sequences of the segment B gene from IBDV strains isolated from diverse geographic locations were obtained from the GenBank Database; Cuban sequences were obtained in the current work. A phylogenetic marker named B-marker was assessed by different phylogenetic principles such as saturation of substitution, phylogenetic noise and high consistency. This last parameter is based on the ability of B-marker to reconstruct the same topology as the complete segment B of the viral genome. From the results obtained from B-marker, demographic history for both main lineages of IBDV regarding segment B was performed by Bayesian skyline plot analysis. Phylogenetic analysis for both segments of IBDV genome was also performed, revealing the presence of a natural reassortant strain with segment A from vvIBDV strains and segment B from non-vvIBDV strains within Cuban IBDV population.

Conclusions/significance: This study contributes to a better understanding of the emergence of vvIBDV strains, describing molecular epidemiology of IBDV using the state-of-the-art methodology concerning phylogenetic reconstruction. This study also revealed the presence of a novel natural reassorted strain as possible manifest of change in the genetic structure and stability of the vvIBDV strains. Therefore, it highlights the need to obtain information about both genome segments of IBDV for molecular epidemiology studies.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4422720PMC
http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0125853PLOS

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