AI Article Synopsis
- The National Heart Foundation of Australia reviewed omega-3 fatty acids in 2008, focusing on their role in preventing cardiovascular disease, and new research has emerged since then.
- A literature search covering studies from 2007 to 2013 led to the formulation of eight research questions, assessing the impact of dietary fish and omega-3 fatty acids on heart health.
- The findings indicate that a higher intake of fish is linked to reduced risks of heart disease and stroke, while omega-3 supplementation showed no significant benefits or harms for coronary heart disease prevention, but still helps in managing high triglycerides and could mildly benefit heart failure.
Article Abstract
Background: The National Heart Foundation of Australia (NHFA) 2008 review on omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) made recommendations with respect to supplementation for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Since then, new findings have been published regarding the relationship between omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, including supplementation, and cardiovascular health.
Methods: A literature search was undertaken in PubMed and Medline, for literature published between January 1, 2007 and August 31, 2013.
Results And Conclusions: A total of eight research questions were developed and, using the National Health and Medical Research Council's evidence assessment framework, conclusions were made in relation to dietary intake of fish and omega-3 LCPUFA for cardiovascular health. In the evidence published since 2007, this summary of evidence concludes that dietary intake of fish was found to be mostly consistent with respect to protection from heart disease and stroke. Higher fish intake was associated with lower incident rates of heart failure in addition to lower sudden cardiac death, stroke and myocardial infarction. In relation to omega-3 LCPUFA supplementation, neither a beneficial nor adverse effect was demonstrated in primary or secondary prevention of coronary heart disease (CHD). Although the evidence continues to be positive for the role of omega-3 LCPUFA in the treatment of hypertriglyceridaemia and a modest positive benefit in heart failure. No further evidence was found to support the consumption of 2g alpha-linolenic acid (ALA)/day over the current Australian guidelines for 1 g/day.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hlc.2015.03.020 | DOI Listing |
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