AI Article Synopsis
- The study reviewed infants under 3 months diagnosed with tuberculosis from 1978 to 2014, finding only eight cases (1.4% of pediatric TB cases), which included confirmed congenital and postnatal tuberculosis.
- Diagnostic methods for TB showed that gastric aspirate cultures and PCR testing had significantly higher success rates compared to traditional smear methods and IGRA tests.
- The research highlights the rarity, severity, and diagnostic challenges of TB in this age group, emphasizing the need to rule out maternal genital TB in cases without known postnatal contacts through endometrial biopsy.
Article Abstract
A review was conducted on infants less than 3 months of age diagnosed with tuberculosis between 1978 and 2014. Eight patients were diagnosed (1.4% of paediatric tuberculosis cases): 3 confirmed congenital tuberculosis, 3 suspected (endometrial biopsy was not performed), and 2 postnatal tuberculosis. Tuberculin skin test was negative in two patients. Diagnostic performance of culture (7/7, 100%) and PCR (3/3, 100%) of gastric aspirates was higher than that of acid-fast bacilli smears (5/8, 62%) and IGRA test (1/3, 33%). Three patients developed miliary disease, and one died. In conclusion, tuberculosis in this age group is rare, severe, and difficult to diagnose. In cases lacking known postnatal contacts, maternal genital tuberculosis should be ruled out by endometrial biopsy.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eimc.2015.03.011 | DOI Listing |
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