AI Article Synopsis

  • PPAR-γ is a transcription factor being studied for its potential in treating cancer and metabolic disorders, particularly its anti-tumor effects in prostate cancer.
  • In a study of 730 prostate cancers, PPAR-γ was found mainly in the cytoplasm of cancer cells, while benign tissues had little to no expression, indicating different localization patterns in malignant vs. benign tissues.
  • Despite these findings, there was no significant correlation between PPAR-γ expression levels and the aggressiveness of cancer, suggesting that further research is needed to understand its functional role in prostate cancer treatment.

Article Abstract

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ), a ligand-activated transcription factor has been investigated as the target for cancer treatment as well as metabolic disorders. Recent studies have demonstrated that PPAR-γ ligands are anti-tumorigenic in prostate cancer due to anti-proliferative and pro-differentiation effects. The aim of this study was to validate PPAR-γ expression in malignant and benign prostate tissues by immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A total of 730 prostatic adenocarcinomas (PCAs) including 63 whole sections from radical prostatectomy specimens and tissue microarrays containing 667 PCAs were subject to immunostaining for two PPAR-γ antibodies. Twenty-five benign prostate tissues and PCAs were selected for investigating mRNA expression by quantitative real-time PCR. 10.7% of PCAs (78/730) showed cytoplasmic immunoreactivity of PPAR-γ and no nuclear immunoreactivity was noted in PCAs. Most benign prostatic glands showed negative immunoreactivity of PPAR-γ except for variable weak cytoplasmic staining in some glands. Nuclear immunoreactivity of PPAR-γ was noted some central zone and verumontanum mucosal epithelium. The constitutive PPAR-γ mRNA showed significantly lower level in PCAs compared to that in the benign tissues. There was no difference of PPAR-γ mRNA expression between low (≤7) and high (>7) Gleason score groups. There was no association of PPAR-γ mRNA level or cytoplasmic immunostaining with Gleason grade or pathologic stage. Our study supported the evidence of extra-nuclear localization and nongenomic actions of PPAR-γ. Further studies are needed to assess the functional role of PPAR-γ and to validate its therapeutic implication in prostate cancer.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4414635PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2015.30.5.533DOI Listing

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