AI Article Synopsis
- Parathyroid carcinoma (PC) is a rare and aggressive form of cancer that causes primary hyperparathyroidism, leading to a high likelihood of recurrence.
- Diagnosis can be challenging since its symptoms and lab results often mimic those of benign parathyroid conditions, delaying appropriate treatment until later stages.
- Surgical intervention is the only cure available, while management of hypercalcemia and tumor control are key in advanced cases, requiring a collaborative effort from various medical specialists for optimal patient care.
Article Abstract
Parathyroid carcinoma (PC) is a rare endocrine malignancy and the cause of primary hyperparathyroidism. It is usually associated with a high rate of local and distant recurrence. Laboratory findings and clinical symptoms may be similar to those in parathyroid adenoma. The histological features of PC may also be non-specific and the affected gland is often indistinguishable from a benign lesion. The proper diagnosis is commonly made months to years later when the disease recurs or metastases are present. Therefore, parathyroid carcinoma still remains a diagnostic and management challenge for many physicians. However, there are some features that, in combination, may help in diagnosis. Surgery still remains the only curative treatment, even in metastatic disease. In advanced, non-operable subjects, managing hypercalcaemia and controlling a tumour are the main goals. Morbidity is caused by hypercalcaemia rather than metastases. A multidisciplinary approach with experienced endocrinologists, pathologists, radiologists, nuclear medicine doctors, oncologists, and surgeons is needed to optimize patient outcome.
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