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Quantitative Electroencephalography Biomarkers in Patients With Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate Receptor Encephalitis: A Case-Control Study.
J Clin Neurophysiol
October 2024
Clinical Neurophysiology Department, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Mexico City, Mexico.
Purpose: Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis is an autoimmune reaction involving Immunoglobulin G antibodies against GluN1 subunit of NMDAR. Absence of biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognosis poses a challenge. Several small case-control studies have emphasized the prospect of quantitative EEG measurements.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuro-immunobiology and treatment assessment in a mouse model of anti-NMDAR encephalitis.
Brain
December 2024
Neuroimmunology Program, Fundació Clínic per la Recerca Biomèdica - Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (FCRB-IDIBAPS), Barcelona 08036, Spain.
Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis is a disorder mediated by autoantibodies against the GluN1 subunit of NMDAR. It occurs with severe neuropsychiatric symptoms that often improve with immunotherapy. Clinical studies and animal models based on patients' antibody transfer or NMDAR immunization suggest that the autoantibodies play a major pathogenic role.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnti-N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor encephalitis is a rare autoimmune disorder that typically presents with neuropsychiatric symptoms and medial temporal lobe involvement. We report the case of a 24-year-old female with no significant medical history, who developed severe anxiety, memory deficits, and confusion over a two-week period. Neurological examination revealed cognitive dysfunction, asymmetric limb movements, and psychosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLong-Term Clinical and Biological Prognostic Factors of Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis in Children.
Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm
March 2025
Pediatric Neurology Departement, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris-Saclay University Hospitals, Bicêtre Hospital, and Paris-Saclay University, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre.
Background And Objectives: Anti-NMDAR encephalitis (NMDARE) is a severe neurologic condition, and recently, the NMDAR Encephalitis One-Year Functional Status (NEOS) score has emerged as a 1-year prognostic tool. This study aimed to evaluate NEOS score and biomarker (neurofilament light chains [NfL], total-Tau protein, glial fibrillary acidic protein, and serum cytokines) correlation with modified Rankin Scale (mRS), cognitive impairment, and clinical recovery in pediatric NMDARE over 2 years.
Methods: In this French multicenter observational study, 104 pediatric patients with NMDARE were followed for a minimum of 2 years.
Catatonia As Initial Presentation in Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate (NMDA) Receptor Encephalitis: A Case Report of a 19-Year-Old Patient.
Cureus
November 2024
Neurology, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery "Dr. Manuel Velasco Suárez", Mexico City, MEX.
Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis stands as the most prevalent form of autoimmune encephalitis, primarily affecting young patients and exhibiting a higher incidence among females. Patients frequently present with psychiatric symptoms or cognitive impairments such as speech disturbances, decreased level of consciousness, autonomic dysfunction, as well as seizures, dyskinesias, and catatonia due to overactivation of extrasynaptic NMDA receptors. To date, there is no gold standard for the diagnosis of catatonia; however, a few rating scales exist to measure this phenomenon, with the Bush Francis Catatonia Rating Scale being the most commonly used due to its validity, reliability, and ease of application.
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