Chest x-rays of 533 patients were prospectively studied over a period of 6 months. The sex, age and disease types were recorded. The sex ratio was found to be variable according to the disease. About one third of the patients were under 10 years of age. 83% of the total were in the age range 0 to 49 years. 41 per cent of the cases had lung infection; pulmonary tuberculosis accounting for one fourth of these. Cardiac lesions constituted 11%. Other chest diseases accounted for 7%. 27 percent of the chest x-rays were reported as normal.
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NEJM AI
October 2024
Google, Mountain View, CA, USA.
Background: Using artificial intelligence (AI) to interpret chest X-rays (CXRs) could support accessible triage tests for active pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) in resource-constrained settings.
Methods: The performance of two cloud-based CXR AI systems - one to detect TB and the other to detect CXR abnormalities - in a population with a high TB and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) burden was evaluated. We recruited 1978 adults who had TB symptoms, were close contacts of known TB patients, or were newly diagnosed with HIV at three clinical sites.
Vet Res Commun
January 2025
Division of Animal Anatomy, Department of Biostructure and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland.
Clinically, the rodent thorax is important because of the variety of problems that may affect the heart, lungs, and other thoracic structures. Syrian hamsters are the most common pet and experimental hamster species. Sectional imaging of small mammals is widely increasing in use for clinical and research settings; however, no reports on the thoracic sectional imaging anatomy in this species have been made.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Trauma Emerg Surg
January 2025
Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany.
Background: Flail chest (FC) injuries are segmental osseous injuries of the thorax that typically result from high-energy blunt trauma and regularly occur in multiple trauma (MT) patients. FC injuries are associated with paradoxical chest wall movements and, thus, have a high risk of respiratory insufficiency or even death. An increasing number of studies recommend an early surgical stabilization of FC injuries, but a definite trigger that would indicate surgery has, thus far, not been identified.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFS D Med
November 2024
Sanford USD Medical Center, Sioux Falls, South Dakota.
Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare cystic lung disease that causes progressive pulmonary damage. It typically affects young reproductive-age females with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). The clinical manifestations of LAM result from the progressive invasion of abnormal smooth muscle cells into lung parenchyma, lymphatics, or pulmonary vasculature.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEmerg Med J
January 2025
Department of Anesthesiology & Trauma Center / HEMS Lifeliner 1, Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Thoracostomies, and subsequent placements of chest tubes (CTs), are a standard procedure in several domains of medicine. In emergency medicine, thoracostomies are indicated to release a relevant hemothorax or pneumothorax, particularly a life-threatening tension pneumothorax. In many cases, an initial finger-assisted thoracostomy is followed by placement of a CT to ensure continuous decompression of blood and air.
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