AI Article Synopsis
- The conversion of plant lignocellulose is crucial for carbon cycling and for producing second-generation biofuels and biochemicals.
- Fungi, especially white rot fungi, are key in breaking down lignin, but the toxic aromatic compounds released can hinder their efficiency.
- This review outlines the processes by which fungi release and metabolize these aromatic components, highlighting their potential applications in biofuel and biochemical production.
Article Abstract
The biological conversion of plant lignocellulose plays an essential role not only in carbon cycling in terrestrial ecosystems but also is an important part of the production of second generation biofuels and biochemicals. The presence of the recalcitrant aromatic polymer lignin is one of the major obstacles in the biofuel/biochemical production process and therefore microbial degradation of lignin is receiving a great deal of attention. Fungi are the main degraders of plant biomass, and in particular the basidiomycete white rot fungi are of major importance in converting plant aromatics due to their ability to degrade lignin. However, the aromatic monomers that are released from lignin and other aromatic compounds of plant biomass are toxic for most fungi already at low levels, and therefore conversion of these compounds to less toxic metabolites is essential for fungi. Although the release of aromatic compounds from plant biomass by fungi has been studied extensively, relatively little attention has been given to the metabolic pathways that convert the resulting aromatic monomers. In this review we provide an overview of the aromatic components of plant biomass, and their release and conversion by fungi. Finally, we will summarize the applications of fungal systems related to plant aromatics.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/bs.aambs.2014.12.001 | DOI Listing |
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