We are used to seeing objects in specific settings, and in association with other related objects. This contextual information allows for fast and efficient object recognition and influences brain-related processes. The influence of scene context has been studied using event-related potentials (ERPs) in order to further our understanding of the underlying brain mechanisms. Current ERP studies have focused on effects related to the incongruity between unambiguous objects and their scenes, rather than the specific influence of a congruent scene. The present study sought to examine ERPs associated with the beneficial influence of scene context on object recognition. This influence was examined using ambiguous objects that required a congruent scene in order to be recognized, as well as unambiguous objects, to determine whether scene processing occurs even when it is unnecessary for recognizing the object. Twenty healthy subjects were instructed to indicate whether they recognized, had a vague idea, or did not recognize target objects that appeared within congruent and neutral scenes. ERPs from 250 to 1000 ms, including the N300 and N400, were more positive at anterior sites and more negative at posterior sites, when objects appeared in congruent scenes as opposed to when they appeared in neutral scenes, with a larger effect seen for ambiguous objects. Upon further examination, the results showed that the ERPs to ambiguous objects became similar to those of unambiguous objects when they appeared in congruent contexts. These findings indicated that a congruent context exerted its influence by reducing the ambiguity of objects.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2015.04.023 | DOI Listing |
Causality is a fundamental part of the scientific endeavor to understand the world. Unfortunately, causality is still taboo in much of psychology and social science. Motivated by a growing number of recommendations for the importance of adopting causal approaches to research, we reformulate the typical approach to research in psychology to harmonize inevitably causal theories with the rest of the research pipeline.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSpectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc
March 2025
Light, Nanomaterials, Nanotechnologies (L2n), CNRS UMR 7076, University of Technology of Troyes, 10004 Troyes, France.
In this work, we performed a comprehensive spectroscopic analysis of the "Portrait of a Young Man in a Wide-Brimmed Hat with a Feather" authored by an unknown artist and housed in the National Art Museum of the Republic of Belarus. Previously this portrait was a part of the Myatlev collection (St. Petersburg, Russia).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Neurosci
November 2024
New York University, New York, NY 10003, United States.
To comprehend speech, human brains identify meaningful units in the speech stream. But whereas the English '' has 3 word-units, the Arabic equivalent '' is a single word-unit with 3 meaningful sub-word units, called morphemes: a verb stem (''), a subject suffix ('--'), and a direct object pronoun ('-'). It remains unclear whether and how the brain processes morphemes, above and beyond other language units, during speech comprehension.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Adv
November 2024
Center for Quantum Information, Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
Sci Rep
October 2024
Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PJ, UK.
In this study, we introduce a two-dimensional metasurface sensor designed to detect, locate and distinguish between different objects placed in its near field. When an object is placed on the metasurface, local changes can be detected in one or more of the structure's meta-atoms. This interaction generally modifies the inductance of the meta-atom, resulting in changes to the overall input impedance of the surface.
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