We sought to characterize a minor renal cryoinjury that allows investigation into renal damage processes and subsequent endogenous repair mechanisms. To achieve this, we induced a small cryoinjury to mice, in which the transient superficial application of a liquid nitrogen-cooled cryoprobe to the exposed kidney induces a localized lesion that did not impair renal function. The resulting cryoinjury was examined by immunohistochemistry and Laser-Doppler flowmetry. Within hours of cryoinjury induction, tubular and vascular necrotic damage was observed, while blood flow in the directly injured area was reduced by 65%. The injured area demonstrated a peak in tubular and perivascular cell proliferation at 4 days postinjury, while apoptosis and fibrosis peaked at day 7. Infiltration of macrophages into the injury was first observed at day 4, and peaked at day 7. Vascular density in the direct injured area was lowest at day 7. As compared to the direct injured area, the (peripheral) penumbral region surrounding the directly injured area demonstrated enhanced cellular proliferation (2.5-6-fold greater), vascular density (1.6-2.9 fold greater) and blood perfusion (twofold greater). After 4 weeks, the area of damage was reduced by 73%, fibrosis decreased by 50% and blood flow in the direct injured area was reestablished by 63% with almost complete perfusion restoration in the injury's penumbral region. In conclusion, kidney cryoinjury provides a flexible facile model for the study of renal damage and associated endogenous repair processes.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.14814/phy2.12357 | DOI Listing |
Acad Emerg Med
January 2025
Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Background: Emergency department (ED) visits may serve as opportunities for firearm injury prevention and intervention efforts. Our objective was to determine ED utilization by youth before and after firearm injury.
Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of ED encounters by youth (0-18 years old) with firearm injury from eight states using the 2019 State ED and Inpatient Databases.
PLoS One
January 2025
Department of Caring Sciences, School Health and Welfare, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden.
There is currently a lack of clarity concerning the types and frequency of mucosa injuries occurring in urine bladders among patients with indwelling urine catheters that are of modern design and material. The aim of the study was to identify and present the available information regarding mucosa injuries in urine bladders among adult patients with indwelling urine catheters. The research question was: What is known about mucosa injuries in urine bladders among patients with indwelling urine catheters? A scoping review applying the patient, exposure, and outcome framework.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Transl Med
January 2025
The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; The Qingyuan Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's hospital, Qingyuan, China.
Chronic liver diseases are highly linked with mitochondrial dysfunction and macrophage infiltration. Mallory-Denk bodies (MDBs) are protein aggregates associated with hepatic inflammation, and MDBs pathogenesis could be induced in mice by feeding 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine (DDC). Here, we investigate the macrophage heterogeneity and the role of macrophage during MDBs pathogenesis on DDC-induced MDBs mouse model by single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Emerg Med
January 2025
Department of Emergency Medicine, Kartal Dr. Lutfi Kirdar City Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey.
Background: In the 21st century, disasters (particularly earthquakes, which remain the leading cause of death) continue to be among the foremost issues requiring global emergency response. While the impact of advancing technologies on the environmental and human damage caused by earthquakes is still a subject of debate, search and rescue (SAR) teams and emergency departments (ED), specifically emergency physicians (EPs), play a crucial role in the most acute management of the effects of these earthquakes on human life. This study aims to examine the injury dynamics of two catastrophic earthquakes that occurred in Turkey 24 years apart from the perspective of EPs, utilizing archival records from the SAR teams in which EPs served.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Trauma Emerg Surg
January 2025
Department of Biostatics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Background: Haemorrhage remains the leading cause of preventable mortality following trauma, often aggravated by the acidosis, hypothermia and coagulopathy-the lethal triad of trauma. However, the impact of trauma-induced hypocalcemia on the haemorrhage remains unclear. It is intuitive to consider perturbations of ionised calcium early during trauma resuscitation in acutely injured patients given its pathophysiological significance for an improved outcome.
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