AI Article Synopsis
- Thrombocytosis is linked to a worse prognosis in ovarian cancer patients, with platelets influencing tumor progression and metastasis.
- Co-culturing ovarian cancer cells with platelets led to changes in cell phenotype, increased migration, and higher levels of metastatic markers and Tissue Factor (TF).
- The study suggests that interactions between platelets and cancer cells contribute to the formation of metastatic tumors in ovarian cancer.
Article Abstract
Background: An increase in circulating platelets, or thrombocytosis, is recognized as an independent risk factor of bad prognosis and metastasis in patients with ovarian cancer; however the complex role of platelets in tumor progression has not been fully elucidated. Platelet activation has been associated with an epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), while Tissue Factor (TF) protein expression by cancer cells has been shown to correlate with hypercoagulable state and metastasis. The aim of this work was to determine the effect of platelet-cancer cell interaction on TF and "Metastasis Initiating Cell (MIC)" marker levels and migration in ovarian cancer cell lines and cancer cells isolated from the ascetic fluid of ovarian cancer patients.
Methods: With informed patient consent, ascitic fluid isolated ovarian cancer cells, cell lines and ovarian cancer spheres were co-cultivated with human platelets. TF, EMT and stem cell marker levels were determined by Western blotting, flow cytometry and RT-PCR. Cancer cell migration was determined by Boyden chambers and the scratch assay.
Results: The co-culture of patient-derived ovarian cancer cells with platelets causes: 1) a phenotypic change in cancer cells, 2) chemoattraction and cancer cell migration, 3) induced MIC markers (EMT/stemness), 3) increased sphere formation and 4) increased TF protein levels and activity.
Conclusions: We present the first evidence that platelets act as chemoattractants to cancer cells. Furthermore, platelets promote the formation of ovarian cancer spheres that express MIC markers and the metastatic protein TF. Our results suggest that platelet-cancer cell interaction plays a role in the formation of metastatic foci.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4410584 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12885-015-1304-z | DOI Listing |
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