Coronary artery bypass grafting in the octogenarians: should we intervene, or leave them be?

Objective: Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is gradually increasing in the elderly population. We aimed to investigate the risk factors and the results of CABG along with the long term survival in patients at an age of 80 and older.

Methods: Between January 2002 and December 2011, a total of 101 consecutive patients at an age of 80 and older who underwent CABG in our hospital were included in the study. The patients were followed and the long-term survival was estimated.

Results: The mean age of the patients was 82.98 ± 2.27 years. Sixty-four (63.4%) were males and 37 (36.6%) were females. Emergency surgery, duration of cardiopulmonary bypass, the intensive care unit (ICU) stay, inotropic support, intra aortic balloon pulsation application, amount of erythrocyte transfusion and fresh frozen plasma transfusion and ventilation period were significantly higher in the patients who died in the hospital. The duration of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) was found to be an independent predictor of mortality (OR: 1.18, 95% CI 1.01-1.38, P = 0.034). The in-hospital mortality was 16.8%. Kaplan-Meier analyses revealed a survival ratio of 91.3% at one year, 82.9% at three years and 69.0% at five years.

Conclusions: Patients at the age of 80 and older can be candidates for the CABG procedure bearing in mind that they may have a longer ventilation period and intensive care unit stay. The morbidity and mortality of this age group is considered within an acceptable range. Approaches to minimize CPB, or the choice of off-pump surgery, may be a preventive method to lower the incidence of mortality. Hence, CABG may be performed in this age group with a satisfactory survival ratio.