Two different patterns of breathlessness have been identified: chronic or continuous breathlessness and breathlessness crisis (acute, incident, episodic, breakthrough breathlessness). Meta-analysis and systematic reviews prove that opioids are beneficial in either opioid-naïve or -tolerant patients. However, data from two recent randomised controlled trials were not able to show the effectiveness of fentanyl for the relief of exertion-induced dyspnoea.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3978/j.issn.2224-5820.2014.01.02 | DOI Listing |
Cancer Res Treat
December 2024
Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Purpose: Fentanyl, a highly lipophilic opioid, was developed as a sublingual fentanyl tablet (SFT) for the management of breakthrough cancer pain (BTcP), and its efficacy and safety were confirmed in a randomized, controlled study. We investigated the effectiveness and safety of SFT administered to alleviate BTcP in a real-world setting.
Materials And Methods: In this prospective, open, single-cohort study, conducted in 13 referral hospitals in South Korea, opioid-tolerant cancer patients receiving around-the-clock opioids for persistent cancer pain were enrolled if the individual had BTcP ≥ 1 episode/day during the preceding week.
BMC Anesthesiol
December 2024
Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Background: Intravenous administration of sufentanil during anesthesia induction induces cough (SIC), sometimes triggers a severe reaction. We wanted to investigate the inhibitory effect of low-dose esketamine on cough induced by sufentanil during the induction of general anesthesia, as well as its postoperative impact on mental status (MMSE score, RSS, and VAS-A).
Methods: A total of 256 adult patients were randomly allocated to receive either esketamine (Group EK) or normal saline (Group C).
AIDS Behav
November 2024
The Heller School for Social Policy & Management, Brandeis University, Opioid Policy Research Collaborative, Waltham, MA, USA.
Illicitly manufactured fentanyl within the drug supply has substantially increased opioid-related overdose deaths and driven infectious disease outbreaks among people who use drugs (PWUD). Local jurisdictions often lack the data and tools necessary to detect and translate such moments into actionable and effective responses. Informed by a risk environment framework, this case study adopted a mixed-methods design spanning two rapid assessment studies with PWUD in Lowell (n = 90) and Lawrence (n = 40), Massachusetts, during an HIV outbreak (2017, Study 1) and following the outbreak (2019, Study 2).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFmedRxiv
September 2024
Neuropsychoimaging of Addictions and Related Conditions (NARC), Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.
Question: The opioid epidemic causes massive morbidity, and males have substantially greater overdose mortality rates than females. It is unclear whether there are sex-related disparities at different stages in the trajectory of opioid use disorders, in "real world" settings.
Goal: To determine sex disparities in non-medical opioid use (NMOU) at the end of outpatient medication-assisted treatment (MAT), using nationally representative data.
J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol
March 2024
Department of Anaesthesiology, Medical College, Dholpur, Rajasthan, India.
Background And Aims: Labor pain is consistently ranked high on the various pain rating scales, when compared to other painful life experiences, and the experience of labor during the process of childbirth is both complex and subjective. Though patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) using dilute concentrations of local anesthetics (LAs) has been a popular method to control labor pain, yet the optimal dose and regimen for PCEA remain ambiguous. So, the present study was undertaken to evaluate the safety and efficacy of three different concentrations of ropivacaine for labor analgesia using PCEA.
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