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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.arteri.2015.01.004 | DOI Listing |
Trials
December 2024
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
Background: Vancomycin, an antibiotic with activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), is frequently included in empiric treatment for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) despite the fact that MRSA is rarely implicated in CAP. Conducting polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing on nasal swabs to identify the presence of MRSA colonization has been proposed as an antimicrobial stewardship intervention to reduce the use of vancomycin. Observational studies have shown reductions in vancomycin use after implementation of MRSA colonization testing, and this approach has been adopted by CAP guidelines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Pregnancy Childbirth
December 2024
Academic Women's Health Unit, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, 5 Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1UD, UK.
Background: Expectations of birth, and whether they are met, influence postnatal psychological wellbeing. Intrapartum interventions, for example induction of labour, are increasing due to a changing pregnant population and evolving evidence, which may contribute to a mismatch between expectations and birth experience. NICE recommends antenatal education (ANE) to prepare women for labour and birth, but there is no mandated UK National Health Service (NHS) ANE curriculum.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMJ Glob Health
December 2024
Muso, Bamako, Mali; San Francisco, USA.
Introduction: Despite recommendations from the WHO, antenatal care (ANC) coverage remains low in many low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). Community health workers (CHWs) can play an important role in expanding ANC coverage through pregnancy identification, provision of health education, screening for complications, delivery of therapeutic care and referral to higher levels of care. However, despite the success of CHW programmes in various countries, WHO has called for additional research to develop evidence-based models that optimise CHW service delivery and that can be replicated across geographies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMJ Open Qual
December 2024
Internal Medicine, Division of Nursing Science, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Background: The effectiveness of implementing fall prevention interventions (FPI) among hospitalised adults exhibits variability. Our review explored implementation strategies for FPIs, how these strategies are operationalised and their impact on fall rates and adherence.
Methods: Databases were searched up to October 2024 for studies reporting the implementation of FPIs in hospitalised adults.
Ann Epidemiol
December 2024
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana.
Identifying and monitoring adverse effects (AEs) are integral to ensuring patient safety in clinical trials. Research sponsors and regulatory bodies have put into place a variety of policies and procedures to guide researchers in protecting patient safety during clinical trials. However, it remains unclear how these policies and procedures should be adapted for trials in implementation science.
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