Ablation of atrial arrhythmias in heart failure.

HF and AF are on the rise and often coexist. Pharmacologic rhythm control has not been shown to improve outcomes compared with pharmacologic rate control. It is possible that the benefits of maintaining SR are offset by the adverse effects of AADs. Catheter ablation of AF offers an opportunity to achieve SR without the downside of AADs. Several studies have shown that AF ablation improves prognostic markers, including ventricular function, exercise tolerance, and perceived quality of life in HF patients. Studies addressing the impact of this treatment strategy on cardiovascular outcomes and cost-effectiveness are ongoing.