Jahn-Teller distortion in polyoligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) cations.

We investigated the symmetry breaking mechanism in cubic octa-tert-butyl silsesquioxane and octachloro silsesquioxane monocations (Si8O12(C(CH3)3)8(+) and Si8O12Cl8(+)) using density functional theory (DFT) and group theory. Under Oh symmetry, these ions possess (2)T2g and (2)Eg electronic states and undergo different symmetry breaking mechanisms. The ground states of Si8O12(C(CH3)3)8(+) and Si8O12Cl8(+) belong to the C3v and D4h point groups and are characterized by Jahn-Teller stabilization energies of 3959 and 1328 cm(-1), respectively, at the B3LYP/def2-SVP level of theory. The symmetry distortion mechanism in Si8O12Cl8(+) is Jahn-Teller type, whereas in Si8O12(C(CH3)3)8(+) the distortion is a combination of both Jahn-Teller and pseudo-Jahn-Teller effects. The distortion force acting in Si8O12(C(CH3)3)8(+) is mainly localized on one Si-(tert-butyl) group, while in Si8O12Cl8(+) it is distributed over the oxygen atoms. The main distortion forces acting on the Si8O12 core arise from the coupling between the electronic state and the vibrational modes, identified as 9t2g + 1eg + 3a2u for the Si8O12(C(CH3)3)8(+) and 1eg + 2eg for Si8O12Cl8(+).