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meso-Tetraphenylporphyrin (TPP) and its two substituted derivatives (meso-tetrakis(4-cyanophenyl)porphyrin [TPP(CN)4] and meso-tetrakis(4-methoxyphenyl)porphyrin [TPP(OMe)4]) were synthesized. Their nonlinear absorption and refraction properties were studied using the Z-scan technique in the picosecond (ps) and nanosecond (ns) regimes. The open aperture Z-scan results reveal that TPP and TPP(CN)4 display an identical reverse saturable absorption (RSA) character in the ps and ns regimes. While TPP(OMe)4 exhibits a transition from saturable absorption (SA) to RSA in the ps regime and a typical RSA character in the ns regime. The closed aperture Z-scan results show that TPP(CN)4 and TPP(OMe)4 have regular enhancement of the magnitude of nonlinear refraction as compared to their parent TPP in both the ps and ns regimes. In addition, the second-order molecular hyperpolarizabilities (γ) of these three porphyrins are calculated, and the γ values of TPP(CN)4 and TPP(OMe)4 are remarkable larger than that of TPP. The introduction of the electron-withdrawing group CN and the electron-donating group OMe into TPP has enhanced its nonlinear refraction and γ value, and tuned its nonlinear absorption (TPP(OMe)4), which could be useful for porphyrin-related applications based on the desired NLO properties.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules20045554 | DOI Listing |
Rev Sci Instrum
December 2024
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA.
Ultra-intense short-pulse lasers interacting with matter are capable of generating exceptionally bright secondary radiation sources. The short pulse duration (picoseconds to nanoseconds), small source size (sub-mm), and comparable high peak flux to conventional single particle sources make them an attractive source for radiography using a combination of particle species, known as multimodal imaging. Simultaneous x-ray and MeV neutron imaging of multi-material objects can yield unique advantages for material segmentation and identification within the full sample.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMaterials (Basel)
November 2024
Institute of Electronics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 72 Tsarigradsko Chaussee, 1784 Sofia, Bulgaria.
In this work, atmospheric pulsed laser deposition was used to prepare photosensitive elements. This technology is a practical and relatively inexpensive way of obtaining highly porous nanostructures composed of nanoparticles or nanoaggregates characterized by a large surface-to-volume ratio. Samples were produced via laser nanosecond or picosecond laser ablation of pure ZnO or mixed ZnO-TiO targets on quartz substrates with pre-deposited gold electrodes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNanoscale
December 2024
Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
Metal halide perovskites (MHPs) have attracted strong interest for a variety of applications due to their low cost and excellent performance, attributed largely to favorable defect properties. MHPs exhibit complex dynamics of charges and ions that are coupled in unusual ways. Focusing on a combination of two common MHP defects, , a grain boundary (GB) and a Pb interstitial, we developed a machine learning model of the interaction potential, and studied the structural and electronic dynamics on a nanosecond timescale.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Chem Phys
December 2024
Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany.
Atomistically detailed force field is employed to investigate the dynamics of a naturally abundant deep eutectic solvent at 328 K, composed of glucose, urea, and water in a 6:4:1 mass ratio. This study examines key dynamical processes, including translational motion, molecular reorientation, and hydrogen bond relaxation, with timescales ranging from a few picoseconds to a few nanoseconds. Characteristic times associated with the translational and the rotational motion increase with molecular size, i.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChemSusChem
November 2024
NIMBE, UMR 3685 CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France.
A safe and efficient lithium-ion battery requires including an additive in the electrolyte. Among the additives used, vinylene carbonate (VC) is particularly interesting, because it leads to the formation of a stable and protective solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on the negative electrode. However, the reduction behavior of VC, resulting in polymer formation, is complex, and many questions remain as to the corresponding reaction mechanisms.
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