The knowledge of root canal morphology and the existing anatomical variations is essential for successful endodontic therapy. This report presents an extraordinary case of unusual tooth morphology involving the mandibular first molar with a single root and a single canal in a patient. Endodontic treatment of the affected tooth 36 was performed. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images confirmed our diagnostic and therapeutic measures after endodontic management of the teeth. This morphologic variation has been reported once in the literature. The availability of three-dimensional images further provided the opportunity for the precise description of the anatomy of mandibular first molar with single roots and single canals.
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