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Anuric Acute Kidney Injury in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: A Rare Complication Case.

Acta Med Indones

October 2024

Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.

This report describes a rare case of anuric acute kidney injury related to suspected urate nephropathy in a 23-year-old male with chronic phase of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML). The patient presented with anuria and limb edema, with a history of imatinib-treated CML. Investigations revealed probable urate crystals causing bilateral hydronephrosis and hydroureters.

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Article Synopsis
  • The occurrence of both chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) in a single patient is very uncommon, and there are only a handful of documented cases.
  • The case described involves a patient with CML who successfully responded to treatment with imatinib, achieving a major molecular response.
  • Later, the same patient developed CLL, which required the addition of ibrutinib to their treatment regimen.
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Article Synopsis
  • - Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is characterized by a specific genetic translocation (BCR::ABL1) that serves as a primary biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis, but research is exploring additional potential biomarkers like long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and mRNAs.
  • - A study utilizing RNA sequencing compared gene expression in 6 CML patients with high expression levels to 6 healthy individuals, followed by validation using RT-qPCR on samples from 87 CML patients and 42 healthy controls.
  • - The findings indicated lower expression levels of certain genes in CML patients, and a relationship was observed where higher levels of one gene are linked to reduced expression of another in the context of treatment with imatin
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Background: To evaluate the outcomes of first-line imatinib versus nilotinib treatment for chronic myeloid leukemia in the chronic phase (CML-CP) in real-world clinical practice.

Methods: A propensity score analysis was performed to eliminate imbalances between the treatment groups. In the analysis, 163 patients in the nilotinib group and 163 patients in the matched imatinib group were retrospectively evaluated.

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Breakpoint cluster region-Abelson () gene fusion is an essential oncogene in both chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and Philadelphia-positive (Ph) B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). While tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are effective in up to 95% of CML patients, 50% of Ph B-ALL cases do not respond to treatment or relapse. This calls for new therapeutic approaches for Ph B-ALL.

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