For organisms to coordinate their growth and development with nutrient availability, they must be able to sense nutrient levels in their environment. Here, we review select nutrient-sensing mechanisms in a few diverse organisms. We discuss how these mechanisms reflect the nutrient requirements of specific species and how they have adapted to the emergence of multicellularity in eukaryotes.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2015.02.041 | DOI Listing |
Aging Dis
January 2025
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Biotherapy, Laboratory of Diabetes and Metabolism Research, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
Aging is a complex and universal process marked by gradual functional declines at the cellular and tissue levels, often leading to a range of aging-related diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. Delaying the aging process can help prevent, slow down, and alleviate the severity of these various conditions, enhancing overall health and well-being. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors (AGIs) are a class of widely used antidiabetic drugs that inhibit alpha-glucosidase in the small intestinal mucosa, delaying carbohydrate absorption and reducing postprandial hyperglycemia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
December 2024
Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65, Stockholm, Sweden.
Aberration of mitochondrial function is a shared feature of many human pathologies, characterised by changes in metabolic flux, cellular energetics, morphology, composition, and dynamics of the mitochondrial network. While some of these changes serve as compensatory mechanisms to maintain cellular homeostasis, their chronic activation can permanently affect cellular metabolism and signalling, ultimately impairing cell function. Here, we use a Drosophila melanogaster model expressing a proofreading-deficient mtDNA polymerase (POLγ) in a genetic screen to find genes that mitigate the harmful accumulation of mtDNA mutations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlant Physiol Biochem
December 2024
Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
Agastache rugosa, a perennial herb native to temperate and subtropical regions, shows remarkable adaptive strategies when exposed to varying light and nutrient conditions in tropical environments. Our study reveals new insights into the crosstalk mechanisms involving carbohydrate homeostasis, biomass allocation, and nutrient acquisition in A. rugosa under different environmental conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFoods
November 2024
Research Institute of Integrative Life Sciences, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang-si 10326, Republic of Korea.
Aging is a complex process that involves many physiological mechanisms that gradually impair normal cellular and tissue function and make us more susceptible to diseases and death. It is influenced by intrinsic factors like cellular function and extrinsic factors like pollution and UV radiation. Recent scientific studies show that traditional plant-based foods and supplements can help mitigate the effects of aging.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell
November 2024
School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China; Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China; Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China. Electronic address:
Intermittent fasting has gained global popularity for its potential health benefits, although its impact on somatic stem cells and tissue biology remains elusive. Here, we report that commonly used intermittent fasting regimens inhibit hair follicle regeneration by selectively inducing apoptosis in activated hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs). This effect is independent of calorie reduction, circadian rhythm alterations, or the mTORC1 cellular nutrient-sensing mechanism.
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