Anti-reflux laparoscopic operations replaced conventional surgery and are now widely available, because of the advantages of this type of surgery. One of the main reasons for the high complications rate in this type of operations is the lack of experience of the surgeons, although recently in the reports of most leading authors complications and increased mortality rate is due to the older patients undergoing this type of surgery. The main causes of death were gastrointestinal hemorrhage, necrosis with perforation of the esophagus or stomach, cardiac arrest, respiratory and inflammatory complications, and pulmonary thromboembolism.
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