To investigate the relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) onset and development and mRNA expression and promoter methylation of adiponectin (APN) gene in abdominal adipose tissues of Xinjiang Uygur population, abdominal adipose tissues of omentum were collected and divided into control, obesity and T2DM groups. The status of APN promoter methylation was detected by denaturing high performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC), while the mRNA expression level of APN was detected by RT-PCR. Results show that methylation positive rate of APN was at the lowest level in control, middel in obesity and highest in T2DM groups, and the differences are statistically significant. Comparing the APN mRNA relative copy number of adipose tissue in each group, we found that the relative copy number of APN in control group is significantly higher than that of obesity and T2DM groups. There is a negative correlation between the mRNA expression level of APN in abdominal adipose tissue and fasting plasma glucose (FPG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and triglyceride (TG) level. There is a negative correlation in DNA promoter methylation and mRNA expression of APN gene. Relative copy number of APN in DNA methylation positive group is significantly lower than that of the negative group. In conclusion, increased APN promoter methylation results in decreased mRNA expression, which induces glucose and lipid metabolic disorder, thus contributing to the initiation and development of T2DM in Xinjiang Uygur population.
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