The effect of shear flow on mode selection and the length scale of patterns formed in a nonlinear autocatalytic reaction-diffusion model is investigated. We predict analytically the existence of transverse and longitudinal modes. The type of the selected mode strongly depends on the difference in the flow rates of the participating species, quantified by the differential flow parameter. Spatial structures are obtained by varying the length scale of individual modes and superposing them via the differential flow parameter. Our predictions are in line with numerical results obtained from lattice Boltzmann simulations.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.91.022913 | DOI Listing |
Eur J Radiol
January 2025
Department of Radiology Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Neurodevelopment and Cognitive Disorders, China. Electronic address:
Objective: To explore the clinical value of combining split-bolus contrast injection with dual-energy CT(DECT) scanning technology in pediatric computed tomography urography (CTU) imaging.
Methods: A total of 128 children aged 0-17 years were prospectively selected and randomly assigned to three groups: A, B, and C. For Group A, a high-pitch flash mode was employed, where a single bolus of contrast agent was followed by four-phase scanning (noncontrast, cortex, medulla, and excretory phases).
Anal Chem
January 2025
Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China.
Globally, drug-impaired driving fatalities now exceed those from drunk driving, urging the need for on-site and roadside detection methods. In this study, a photothermal desorption and reagent-assisted low-temperature plasma ionization miniature ion trap mass spectrometer (PDRA-LTP-ITMS) was developed for on-site detection of drug-impaired driving. The pseudomultiple reaction monitoring (MRM) in PDRA-LTP-ITMS enables continuous ion selection during ion introduction and improved sensitivity to nearly 3-fold compared with the conventional full scan mode.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Chem Biol
January 2025
Biogen, Chemical Biology & Proteomics, 225 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States.
Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is an established oral therapy for multiple sclerosis worldwide. Although the clinical efficacy of these fumarate esters has been extensively investigated, the mode of action and pharmacokinetics of fumarates have not been fully elucidated due to their broad-spectrum reactivity and complex metabolism in vivo. To better understand the mechanism of action of DMF and its active metabolite, monomethyl fumarate (MMF), we designed and utilized clickable probes to visualize and enrich probe-modified proteins.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNanoscale
January 2025
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, PR China.
Despite the potential to significantly enhance the economic viability of biomass-based platforms through the selective conversion of glycerol to 1,3-dihydroxyacetone (DHA), a formidable challenge persists in simultaneously achieving high catalytic activity and stability along this reaction pathway. Herein, we have devised a strategic approach to manipulate the interfacial integration within composite catalysts to address the performance trade-off. Through the modulation of the composite process involving a bio-templated porous ZSM-5 zeolite platform (bZ) and an Au/CuZnO catalyst, three distinct interfacial bonding modes were achieved: physical milling, encapsulation by zeolite, and growth on zeolite.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Chem Soc
January 2025
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States.
Here we demonstrate how a biologically relevant molecule, riboflavin (vitamin B2), operates by a dual mode of action to effectively control crystallization of ammonium urate (NHHU), which is associated with cetacean kidney stones. In situ microfluidics and atomic force microscopy experiments confirm a strong interaction between riboflavin and NHHU crystal surfaces that substantially inhibits layer nucleation and spreading by kinetic mechanisms of step pinning and kink blocking. Riboflavin does not alter the distribution of tautomeric urate isomers, but its adsorption on NHHU crystal surfaces does interfere with the effects of minor urate tautomer by limiting its ability to induce NHHU crystal defects while also suppressing NHHU nucleation and inhibiting crystal growth by 80% at an uncharacteristically low modifier concentration.
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