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Obsessive-compulsive disorder is associated with broad impairments in executive function: A meta-analysis. | LitMetric

Obsessive-compulsive disorder is associated with broad impairments in executive function: A meta-analysis.

Clin Psychol Sci

Department of Psychology and Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 603 E. Daniel Street, Champaign, IL 61820, USA.

Published: March 2015

AI Article Synopsis

  • Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a serious condition linked to dysfunction in brain circuits related to executive functions (EF), which govern decision-making and self-control.
  • A meta-analysis of 110 studies shows that people with OCD struggle with various EF tasks, indicating a broader impairment in these cognitive abilities.
  • The observed EF deficits in OCD are not solely due to other factors like motor slowness or depression, though some demographic factors like age, gender, and medication use can influence the severity of these deficits.

Article Abstract

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a serious and often chronically disabling condition. The current dominant model of OCD focuses on abnormalities in prefrontal-striatal circuits that support executive function (EF). While there is growing evidence for EF impairments associated with OCD, results have been inconsistent, making the nature and magnitude of these impairments controversial. The current meta-analysis uses random-effects models to synthesize 110 previous studies that compared participants with OCD to healthy control participants on at least one neuropsychological measure of EF. The results indicate that individuals with OCD are impaired on tasks measuring most aspects of EF, consistent with broad impairment in EF. EF deficits were not explained by general motor slowness or depression. Effect sizes were largely stable across variation in demographic and clinical characteristics of samples, although medication use, age, and gender moderated some effects.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4351670PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2167702614534210DOI Listing

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